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| {{STRUCTURE_1y0v| PDB=1y0v | SCENE= }} | | {{STRUCTURE_1y0v| PDB=1y0v | SCENE= }} |
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| '''Crystal structure of anthrax edema factor (EF) in complex with calmodulin and pyrophosphate'''
| | ===Crystal structure of anthrax edema factor (EF) in complex with calmodulin and pyrophosphate=== |
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| ==Overview==
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| Edema factor (EF), a key anthrax exotoxin, has an anthrax protective antigen-binding domain (PABD) and a calmodulin (CaM)-activated adenylyl cyclase domain. Here, we report the crystal structures of CaM-bound EF, revealing the architecture of EF PABD. CaM has N- and C-terminal domains and each domain can bind two calcium ions. Calcium binding induces the conformational change of CaM from closed to open. Structures of the EF-CaM complex show how EF locks the N-terminal domain of CaM into a closed conformation regardless of its calcium-loading state. This represents a mechanism of how CaM effector alters the calcium affinity of CaM and uncouples the conformational change of CaM from calcium loading. Furthermore, structures of EF-CaM complexed with nucleotides show that EF uses two-metal-ion catalysis, a prevalent mechanism in DNA and RNA polymerases. A histidine (H351) further facilitates the catalysis of EF by activating a water to deprotonate 3'OH of ATP. Mammalian adenylyl cyclases share no structural similarity with EF and they also use two-metal-ion catalysis, suggesting the catalytic mechanism-driven convergent evolution of two structurally diverse adenylyl cyclases.
| | The line below this paragraph, {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_15719022}}, adds the Publication Abstract to the page |
| | (as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 15719022 is the PubMed ID number. |
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| | {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_15719022}} |
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| ==About this Structure== | | ==About this Structure== |
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| [[Category: Calcium-independent]] | | [[Category: Calcium-independent]] |
| [[Category: Calmodulin]] | | [[Category: Calmodulin]] |
| ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sat May 3 15:44:55 2008'' | | |
| | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Mon Jul 28 09:47:31 2008'' |
