1ngo: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:1ngo.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ngo" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"

caption="1ngo" />

'''NMR Structure of Putative 3' Terminator for B. Anthracis pagA Gene Coding Strand'''<br />

==Overview==

Three proteins, namely, protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and, lethal factor (LF), encoded by the pX01 plasmid of Bacillus anthracis play, a major role in the pathogenesis of target host cells. PA combines with EF, and LF to form bipartite PA-EF and PA-LF toxins and facilitates, intracellular delivery of EF and LF both of which cause cytotoxicity to, the host. Since the level of PA is crucial to pathogenesis by anthrax, toxins, it is important to understand how the host environment regulates, the expression of the PA (or pagA) gene by utilizing the 5' and 3', untranslated regions (UTR). The 5' UTR sequence determines the initiation, of transcription, whereas the 3' UTR sequence determines the efficient, termination and stability of the transcript. Although, the role of the, 5'UTR sequence of pagA has been investigated, little is known about the, role of the 3' UTR. Since hairpin formation at the 3'UTR of a gene is an, established mechanism for efficient termination and stability of the, transcript, we carried out structural studies, including gel, electrophoresis, circular dichroism, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic, resonance spectroscopy, to determine whether the 3' UTR sequences of pagA, also form hairpin structures. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that, both the coding and the noncoding 3' UTR sequences form stable hairpin, structures. It is quite likely that the hairpins at the 3'UTR may, contribute to efficient termination and stability of the pagA transcript.

Three proteins, namely, protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and lethal factor (LF), encoded by the pX01 plasmid of Bacillus anthracis play a major role in the pathogenesis of target host cells. PA combines with EF and LF to form bipartite PA-EF and PA-LF toxins and facilitates intracellular delivery of EF and LF both of which cause cytotoxicity to the host. Since the level of PA is crucial to pathogenesis by anthrax toxins, it is important to understand how the host environment regulates the expression of the PA (or pagA) gene by utilizing the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTR). The 5' UTR sequence determines the initiation of transcription, whereas the 3' UTR sequence determines the efficient termination and stability of the transcript. Although, the role of the 5'UTR sequence of pagA has been investigated, little is known about the role of the 3' UTR. Since hairpin formation at the 3'UTR of a gene is an established mechanism for efficient termination and stability of the transcript, we carried out structural studies, including gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to determine whether the 3' UTR sequences of pagA also form hairpin structures. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that both the coding and the noncoding 3' UTR sequences form stable hairpin structures. It is quite likely that the hairpins at the 3'UTR may contribute to efficient termination and stability of the pagA transcript.

==About this Structure==

1NGO is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://~~ispc~~.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NGO OCA].

1NGO is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NGO OCA].

==Reference==

Line 14:

[[Category: Gupta, G.]]

[[Category: Michalczyk, R.]]

[[Category: Shiflett, P.R.]]

[[Category: Shiflett, P R.]]

[[Category: Silks, L.A.]]

[[Category: Silks, L A.]]

[[Category: Taylor-McCabe, K.J.]]

[[Category: Taylor-McCabe, K J.]]

[[Category: b-form dna hairpin]]

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''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 14:05:52 2008''

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Image:1ngo.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ngo" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
+[[Image:1ngo.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ngo" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 caption="1ngo" />
 '''NMR Structure of Putative 3' Terminator for B. Anthracis pagA Gene Coding Strand'''<br />
 ==Overview==
-Three proteins, namely, protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and, lethal factor (LF), encoded by the pX01 plasmid of Bacillus anthracis play, a major role in the pathogenesis of target host cells. PA combines with EF, and LF to form bipartite PA-EF and PA-LF toxins and facilitates, intracellular delivery of EF and LF both of which cause cytotoxicity to, the host. Since the level of PA is crucial to pathogenesis by anthrax, toxins, it is important to understand how the host environment regulates, the expression of the PA (or pagA) gene by utilizing the 5' and 3', untranslated regions (UTR). The 5' UTR sequence determines the initiation, of transcription, whereas the 3' UTR sequence determines the efficient, termination and stability of the transcript. Although, the role of the, 5'UTR sequence of pagA has been investigated, little is known about the, role of the 3' UTR. Since hairpin formation at the 3'UTR of a gene is an, established mechanism for efficient termination and stability of the, transcript, we carried out structural studies, including gel, electrophoresis, circular dichroism, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic, resonance spectroscopy, to determine whether the 3' UTR sequences of pagA, also form hairpin structures. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that, both the coding and the noncoding 3' UTR sequences form stable hairpin, structures. It is quite likely that the hairpins at the 3'UTR may, contribute to efficient termination and stability of the pagA transcript.
+Three proteins, namely, protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and lethal factor (LF), encoded by the pX01 plasmid of Bacillus anthracis play a major role in the pathogenesis of target host cells. PA combines with EF and LF to form bipartite PA-EF and PA-LF toxins and facilitates intracellular delivery of EF and LF both of which cause cytotoxicity to the host. Since the level of PA is crucial to pathogenesis by anthrax toxins, it is important to understand how the host environment regulates the expression of the PA (or pagA) gene by utilizing the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTR). The 5' UTR sequence determines the initiation of transcription, whereas the 3' UTR sequence determines the efficient termination and stability of the transcript. Although, the role of the 5'UTR sequence of pagA has been investigated, little is known about the role of the 3' UTR. Since hairpin formation at the 3'UTR of a gene is an established mechanism for efficient termination and stability of the transcript, we carried out structural studies, including gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, to determine whether the 3' UTR sequences of pagA also form hairpin structures. Our results unequivocally demonstrate that both the coding and the noncoding 3' UTR sequences form stable hairpin structures. It is quite likely that the hairpins at the 3'UTR may contribute to efficient termination and stability of the pagA transcript.
 ==About this Structure==
-NGO is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NGO OCA].
+NGO is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ ]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1NGO OCA].
 ==Reference==
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 [[Category: Gupta, G.]]
 [[Category: Michalczyk, R.]]
-[[Category: Shiflett, P.R.]]
+[[Category: Shiflett, P R.]]
-[[Category: Silks, L.A.]]
+[[Category: Silks, L A.]]
-[[Category: Taylor-McCabe, K.J.]]
+[[Category: Taylor-McCabe, K J.]]
 [[Category: b-form dna hairpin]]
-''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sat Nov 24 23:06:28 2007''
+''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 14:05:52 2008''