Human APP Intracellular Domain Complex with Fe65-PTB2: Difference between revisions
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The crystal structure of the APP intracellular domain is in complex with the <scene name='SANDBOX138/Ptb/1'>C-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of Fe65</scene>. The interaction of the APP C terminus with the adaptor protein Fe65 mediates APP trafficking and signalling, and is thought to regulate APP processing and Abeta generation. The unique interface involves the NPxY PTB-binding motif and two alpha helices. The amino-terminal helix of the APP intracellular domain is | The crystal structure of the APP intracellular domain is in complex with the <scene name='SANDBOX138/Ptb/1'>C-terminal phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain of Fe65</scene>. The interaction of the APP C terminus with the adaptor protein Fe65 mediates APP trafficking and signalling, and is thought to regulate APP processing and Abeta generation. The unique interface involves the NPxY PTB-binding motif and two alpha helices. The amino-terminal helix of the APP intracellular domain is | ||
<scene name='SANDBOX138/T668/2'>capped by threonine T(668)</scene>, it's an Alzheimer disease-relevant phosphorylation site which is involved in Fe65-binding regulation. The structure together with mutational studies, isothermal titration calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments sets the stage for understanding T(668) phosphorylation-dependent complex regulation at a molecular level.<ref>2</ref> Mutation at Thr-668 of APP abolished the effect of Fe65 on APP maturation. This mutation blocked the Fe65-dependent suppression of Abeta production and resulted in the release of increased levels of Abeta in the presence of Fe65 <ref>3</ref> . | <scene name='SANDBOX138/T668/2'>capped by threonine T(668)</scene>, it's an Alzheimer disease-relevant phosphorylation site which is involved in Fe65-binding regulation. The structure together with mutational studies, isothermal titration calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments sets the stage for understanding T(668) phosphorylation-dependent complex regulation at a molecular level.<ref>2</ref> Mutation at Thr-668 of APP abolished the effect of Fe65 on APP maturation. This mutation blocked the Fe65-dependent suppression of Abeta production and resulted in the release of increased levels of Abeta in the presence of Fe65 <ref>3</ref> . | ||
== Functions of human APP and Fe65 protein == | == Functions of human APP and Fe65 protein == | ||
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Aβ peptides are generated in neuronal secretory vesicles by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by proteases, called β-secretase and γ-secretase that cleave at the N-terminus and variant C-termini of Aβ within APP, respectively, resulting in Aβ of 40 or 42 amino acids (Aβ40 and Aβ42, respectively) (Figure 1). Because the N-termini of Aβ40 and Aβ42 are identical, development of inhibitors that reduce cleavage of APP at the β-secretase site are likely to be effective for reducing Aβ peptide forms with alleviation of neurodegeneration and memory deficit. The APP in the vast majority of AD patients possesses the wild-type β-secretase site sequence. <ref>14<ref> | Aβ peptides are generated in neuronal secretory vesicles by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by proteases, called β-secretase and γ-secretase that cleave at the N-terminus and variant C-termini of Aβ within APP, respectively, resulting in Aβ of 40 or 42 amino acids (Aβ40 and Aβ42, respectively) (Figure 1). Because the N-termini of Aβ40 and Aβ42 are identical, development of inhibitors that reduce cleavage of APP at the β-secretase site are likely to be effective for reducing Aβ peptide forms with alleviation of neurodegeneration and memory deficit. The APP in the vast majority of AD patients possesses the wild-type β-secretase site sequence. <ref>14<ref> | ||
== | == Further reading == | ||
[http://www.alzheimer.ca/english/index.php Alzheimer Society of Canada] | [http://www.alzheimer.ca/english/index.php Alzheimer Society of Canada] | ||
[http://www.alzheimer-adna.com/ Association pour le Développement des Neurosciences Appliquées] | [http://www.alzheimer-adna.com/ Association pour le Développement des Neurosciences Appliquées] | ||
