Group:SMART:2010 Pingry SMART Team: Difference between revisions
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to adapt to the absent pyrophosphate group in NADH. Significantly, Gly lacks a side chain since no interaction is necessary due to the absent phosphate group in NADH. In addition, the mutation results in the reduction of cofactor Ka and kcat. | to adapt to the absent pyrophosphate group in NADH. Significantly, Gly lacks a side chain since no interaction is necessary due to the absent phosphate group in NADH. In addition, the mutation results in the reduction of cofactor Ka and kcat. | ||
The <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/20'>Phe22Tyr mutation</scene> reduces the Km for both NADPH and NADH. A reduced Km creates a more efficient enzyme at a lower substrate level, therefore, improving the enzyme. The Arg238His mutation forms a pi-stacking interaction to stabilize the AKR with the cofactor. A pi-stacking interaction is extremely stable and the pi bonds are perpendicular. A common source for pi-stacking is in DNA. The <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/21'>Ala272Gly mutation</scene> mutation | The <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/20'>Phe22Tyr mutation</scene> reduces the Km for both NADPH and NADH. A reduced Km creates a more efficient enzyme at a lower substrate level, therefore, improving the enzyme. The Arg238His mutation forms a pi-stacking interaction to stabilize the AKR with the cofactor. A pi-stacking interaction is extremely stable and the pi bonds are perpendicular. A common source for pi-stacking is in DNA. The <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/21'>Ala272Gly mutation</scene> mutation controls the flexibility and kinetic properties of enzyme C-terminal tail that overlays the substrate. By increasing the rate of the C-terminal tail, the accessibility of the substrate and the kinetics of the cofactor binding and releasing are improved significantly. | ||
The residue <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/6'>Trp187</scene> is highlighted by displaying the side chain. The pi-stacking interaction Trp187 has with the nicotinamide ring of the cofactor stabilizes the reaction. | The residue <scene name='2010_Pingry_SMART_Team/1m9h_original/6'>Trp187</scene> is highlighted by displaying the side chain. The pi-stacking interaction Trp187 has with the nicotinamide ring of the cofactor stabilizes the reaction. | ||
