Sandbox Reserved 403: Difference between revisions
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<scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_403/Binding_site_2/3'>Binding Site Residues Only</scene></center></td></tr></table> | <scene name='Sandbox_Reserved_403/Binding_site_2/3'>Binding Site Residues Only</scene></center></td></tr></table> | ||
== Tetanospasmin (Tetanus Neurotoxin)(TeNT) == | == Tetanospasmin (Tetanus Neurotoxin)(TeNT) == | ||
== ''Clostidium tetani'' == | == ''Clostidium tetani'' == | ||
The gram positive bacilli ''Clostridium tetani'' is the bacteria responsible for the disease state of tetanus. The presence of the bacteria does not cause the disease but instead the toxins it produces cause the disease state. ''C. tetani''produces two toxins; tetanospasmin and tetanolysin. Tetanolysin is a cytolysin that increases the permeability of cellular membranes through cell lysis.<ref> PMID: 2404569</ref> Tetanospasmin is the cause of tetanus and is sometimes referred to as tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT), as it acts on the central nervous system. Tetanospasmin makes its way to the central nervous system via retrograde axonal flow beginning with α- motor neurons found in muscle and ending by binding to gangliosides found in the central nervous system.<ref> Bizzini B. Tetanus Toxin. Microbiological Reviews.1979 June;43(2):224-236.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC281472/pdf/microrev00006-0112.pdf?tool=pmcentrez]</ref> | The gram positive bacilli ''Clostridium tetani'' is the bacteria responsible for the disease state of tetanus. The presence of the bacteria does not cause the disease but instead the toxins it produces cause the disease state. ''C. tetani''produces two toxins; tetanospasmin and tetanolysin. Tetanolysin is a cytolysin that increases the permeability of cellular membranes through cell lysis.<ref> PMID: 2404569</ref> Tetanospasmin is the cause of tetanus and is sometimes referred to as tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT), as it acts on the central nervous system. Tetanospasmin makes its way to the central nervous system via retrograde axonal flow beginning with α- motor neurons found in muscle and ending by binding to gangliosides found in the central nervous system.<ref> Bizzini B. Tetanus Toxin. Microbiological Reviews.1979 June;43(2):224-236.[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC281472/pdf/microrev00006-0112.pdf?tool=pmcentrez]</ref> | ||
[[Image:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.jpg|thumb|350px|left|Mechanism of Action for Tetanospasmin.<ref> Mechanism of Action of Tetanospasmin (Dr. Arnab K Rana) [image on the internet]. 2005[updated 2005 Dec 26; cited 2011 Apr 20]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mechanism_of_action_of_tetanospasmin.gif</ref>]] | |||
== Gangliosides == | == Gangliosides == | ||
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Commonly hydrogen bonds form between OD-1 and OD-2 of Asp1147 and O-4 and the acetamido-N-5 of Sia6 and between ND-2 of Asn1216 and O-10 of Sia6. A salt bridge also forms between Arg1226 and the sialic acid of Sia7, also the carboxylate group and hydrogen bonds between O-1A and the amide NH of Asn1216; between O-4 and the carbonyl oxygen of Asp1214; and betweenOH-8 and Tyr1229 hydroxyl group on Sia7. | Commonly hydrogen bonds form between OD-1 and OD-2 of Asp1147 and O-4 and the acetamido-N-5 of Sia6 and between ND-2 of Asn1216 and O-10 of Sia6. A salt bridge also forms between Arg1226 and the sialic acid of Sia7, also the carboxylate group and hydrogen bonds between O-1A and the amide NH of Asn1216; between O-4 and the carbonyl oxygen of Asp1214; and betweenOH-8 and Tyr1229 hydroxyl group on Sia7. | ||
