Anthrax Lethal Factor: Difference between revisions
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Lethal Factor (LF) is one of the enzyme components belonging to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_toxin Anthrax Toxin] . Anthrax toxin is a three protein exotoxin secreted by the bacterium [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_anthracis Bacillus anthracis] made up of a binding protein known as the protective antigen (PA) and two enzyme components known as edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF). | Lethal Factor (LF) is one of the enzyme components belonging to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax_toxin Anthrax Toxin] . Anthrax toxin is a three protein exotoxin secreted by the bacterium [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_anthracis Bacillus anthracis] made up of a binding protein known as the protective antigen (PA) and two enzyme components known as edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF). | ||
Anthrax Toxin is considered an AB toxin, with two A domains (EF and LF) and one B domain (PA). On their own, these three domains are nontoxic, but any combination involving PA with EF and/or LF is what causes the physiological effects. Toxic effects begin when PA binds to host Anthrax toxin Receptor (ATR). Initially PA is a 83 KDa protein but is cleaved into two fragments by a furin proteases to become a 63 kDa protein bound to the ATR. Cleavage of PA allows it self associate to form a ring shaped heptamer know as the pore precursor (prepore). The prepore is now able to bind up to three molecules of EF and/or LF. This complex is then endocytosed. In the endosome, the prepore converts to a transmembrane pore, allowing translocation of EF and LF to the cytosol through a mechanism that is not will understood. EF and LF are now able to carry out their enzymatic activity on the host cell. | |||
==Human Interaction== | ==Human Interaction== | ||
