Pilin: Difference between revisions
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{{STRUCTURE_3fhu | PDB=3fhu | SCENE= }} | {{STRUCTURE_3fhu | PDB=3fhu | SCENE= }} | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
Type IV pili play an important role in the pathogenesis of many bacterial species; they are a required component for the adhesion of bacteria to their target cells. For example, Type IV pili are required for infection by the pathogens that cause cholera, typhoid, pneumonia, gonorrhea, and meningitis. <ref name=journal1>PMID:19626704</ref> They may also mediate transformation, modulate target-cell specificity and play a role in twitching motility. PilS is a protein that is a member of the pilin protein superfamily. <ref name=journal2>Asha M. Balakrishna,Yvonne Yih-Wan Tan, Henry Yu-Keung Mok,Anand M. Saxena,and Kunchithapadam Swaminathan. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of Salmonella typhi PilS. 2006 October 1; 62(Pt 10): 1024–1026</ref> | '''Pilin''' (PIL) is a fibrous protein found in the pilus of bacteria. Pili in bacteria are used for exchange of DNA during bacterial conjugation. Type IV pili play an important role in the pathogenesis of many bacterial species; they are a required component for the adhesion of bacteria to their target cells. For example, Type IV pili are required for infection by the pathogens that cause cholera, typhoid, pneumonia, gonorrhea, and meningitis. <ref name=journal1>PMID:19626704</ref> They may also mediate transformation, modulate target-cell specificity and play a role in twitching motility. PilS is a protein that is a member of the pilin protein superfamily. <ref name=journal2>Asha M. Balakrishna,Yvonne Yih-Wan Tan, Henry Yu-Keung Mok,Anand M. Saxena,and Kunchithapadam Swaminathan. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of Salmonella typhi PilS. 2006 October 1; 62(Pt 10): 1024–1026</ref> | ||
==Structure== | ==Structure== | ||
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PilS causes typhoid by entering the enterocytes and specialized M cells of the small intestine. After entry, it is transferred to the intestinal submucosa and is taken up by host macrophages. The overall mechanism of the entry into the enterocytes is complicated and involves intercellular adhesins and intracellular signaling which change the host cell's vacuolar and cytoskeletal organization. <ref name=journal1>PMID:19626704</ref> | PilS causes typhoid by entering the enterocytes and specialized M cells of the small intestine. After entry, it is transferred to the intestinal submucosa and is taken up by host macrophages. The overall mechanism of the entry into the enterocytes is complicated and involves intercellular adhesins and intracellular signaling which change the host cell's vacuolar and cytoskeletal organization. <ref name=journal1>PMID:19626704</ref> | ||
== 3D Structures of pilin == | |||
[[3fhu]] – StPrePIL type IV b residues 26-181 – ''Salmonella typhii''<BR /> | |||
[[1q5f]] - StPrePIL type IV b residues 26-181 - NMR<BR /> | |||
[[1kb7]], [[1kb8]] – PaPIL KB7 – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' – NMR<BR /> | |||
[[1nil]], [[1nim]] - PaPIL PAK – NMR<BR /> | |||
[[1oqw]], [[1x6p]], [[1x6q]], [[1x6r]], [[1x6z]], [[1x6x]], [[1x6y]] - PaPIL PAK<BR /> | |||
[[2py0]] - PaPIL PAK (mutant) <BR /> | |||
[[1pan]] - PaPIL PAO – NMR<BR /> | |||
[[1hpw]], [[1qve]], [[1rg0]] – PaPIL residues 29-150<BR /> | |||
[[1ay2]], [[2pil]], [[2hi2]], [[2hil]] – PIL type IV – ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae''<BR /> | |||
[[1dzo]] - PaPIL type IV globular domain (mutant) <BR /> | |||
[[3jyz]], [[3jzz]] - PaPIL type IV globular domain<BR /> | |||
[[2j6r]], [[3gea]], [[3ggh]], [[3hlr]] – EcPIL K88<BR /> | |||
[[2jty]] – EcPIL type IA<BR /> | |||
[[3gld]], [[3gle]] – PIL (mutant) – ''Streptococcus pyogenes''<BR /> | |||
[[3f83]], [[3f84]], [[3f85]] – EcPIL CFAE/CFAB | |||
===Pilin binary complex=== | |||
[[3fhv]] - StPrePIL type IV b residues 26-181 + CFTR peptide<BR /> | |||
[[3gew]] - EcPIL K88 + chaperone protein FAEE<BR /> | |||
[[2xg4]], [[2xg5]] - EcPIL PAP + chaperone protein PAPD<BR /> | |||
[[2w07]] – EcPIL PAPF (mutant) + chaperone protein PAPD | |||
== Additional Resources== | == Additional Resources== | ||
