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== Regulation of CRP expression ==

~~Typically, after After an acute inflammatory stimulus~~, CRP is ~~synthesized by hepatocytes. CRP sits on the short arm of chromosome 1 (in humans) and it contains only one intron and it is~~ regulated at the transcriptional level by '''cytokine interleukin-6''' (IL-6) and by '''interleukin-1β''' (IL-1β). ~~Both~~ IL-6 and IL-1β ~~control~~ expression ~~of many acute phase protein genes~~ through activation of several transcription factors including STAT3, C/EBP family members and Rel proteins (NF-κB).

Like any other protein, CRP is also regulated at the transcriptional level by '''cytokine interleukin-6''' (IL-6) and by '''interleukin-1β''' (IL-1β)[2]. IL-6 and IL-1β are responsible for controlling expression through activation of several transcription factors including STAT3, C/EBP family members and Rel proteins (NF-κB). Due to specific cytokine induced interactions, this unique type of regulation can occur. For instance, STAT3 is considered to be a major factor for serum amyloid A genes, along with NF-κB for the fibrinogen genes [2]. Regarding CRP, the C/EBP (β&δ) are critical for induction [2]. Furthermore, not only do the internal interactions stabilize DNA binding and maximixe induction, but extrahepatic synthesis of CRP has been reported in in other areas such as neurons, atherosclerotic plaques mono- and lymphocytes [2].

== Structure of CRP promoter ==

Sandbox Reserved 474: Difference between revisions

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@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 == Regulation of CRP expression ==
-Typically, after  After an acute inflammatory stimulus, CRP is synthesized by hepatocytes.  CRP sits on the short arm of chromosome 1 (in humans) and it contains only one intron and it is regulated at the transcriptional level by '''cytokine interleukin-6''' (IL-6) and by '''interleukin-1β''' (IL-1β).  Both IL-6 and IL-1β control expression of many acute phase protein genes through activation of several transcription factors including STAT3, C/EBP family members and Rel proteins (NF-κB).
+Like any other protein, CRP is also regulated at the transcriptional level by '''cytokine interleukin-6''' (IL-6) and by '''interleukin-1β''' (IL-1β)[2].  IL-6 and IL-1β are responsible for controlling expression through activation of several transcription factors including STAT3, C/EBP family members and Rel proteins (NF-κB).  Due to specific cytokine induced interactions, this unique type of regulation can occur.  For instance, STAT3 is considered to be a major factor for serum amyloid A genes, along with NF-κB for the fibrinogen genes [2].  Regarding CRP, the C/EBP (β&δ) are critical for induction [2].  Furthermore, not only do the internal interactions stabilize DNA binding and maximixe induction, but extrahepatic synthesis of CRP has been reported in in other areas such as neurons, atherosclerotic plaques mono- and lymphocytes [2].
 == Structure of CRP promoter ==