Sandbox Reserved 459: Difference between revisions
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#1. '''''Blood serum amylase'''''- Blood serum amylase may be measured for purposes of medical diagnosis. A normal concentration is in the range 21-101 U/L. A higher than normal concentration may reflect one of several medical conditions, including acute inflammation of the pancreas. When the pancreas is diseased or inflamed, amylase is released into the blood. Blood serum amylase can also aid in diagnosing a perforated peptic ulcer, torsion of an ovarian cyst, strangulation ileus, macroamylasemia and mumps. Amylase may be measured in other body fluids, including urine and peritoneal fluid. | #1. '''''Blood serum amylase'''''- Blood serum amylase may be measured for purposes of medical diagnosis. A normal concentration is in the range 21-101 U/L. A higher than normal concentration may reflect one of several medical conditions, including acute inflammation of the pancreas. When the pancreas is diseased or inflamed, amylase is released into the blood. Blood serum amylase can also aid in diagnosing a perforated peptic ulcer, torsion of an ovarian cyst, strangulation ileus, macroamylasemia and mumps. Amylase may be measured in other body fluids, including urine and peritoneal fluid. | ||
#2. '''''Amylase deficiency'''''- One of the leading cause for amylase deficiency is a high carbohydrate diet. High volume of complex carbohydrate in the diet results in increased demand for amylase to convert them into simple sugars. After prolonged period of time, the levels of amylase fall below normal which result in amylase deficiency. Amylase is involved in anti-inflammatory reactions such as those caused by the release of histamine and similar substances. The inflammatory response usually occurs in organs which are in contact with the outside world such as the lungs and skin. Therefore, an amylase deficiency can include skin problems such as psoriasis, eczema, hives, insect bites, allergic bee and bug stings, atopic dermatitis, and all types of herpes. Lung problems, including asthma and emphysema, require amylase plus other enzyme formulas depending on the particular condition. | #2. '''''Amylase deficiency'''''- One of the leading cause for amylase deficiency is a high carbohydrate diet. High volume of complex carbohydrate in the diet results in increased demand for amylase to convert them into simple sugars. After prolonged period of time, the levels of amylase fall below normal which result in amylase deficiency. Amylase is involved in anti-inflammatory reactions such as those caused by the release of histamine and similar substances. The inflammatory response usually occurs in organs which are in contact with the outside world such as the lungs and skin. Therefore, an amylase deficiency can include skin problems such as psoriasis, eczema, hives, insect bites, allergic bee and bug stings, atopic dermatitis, and all types of herpes. Lung problems, including asthma and emphysema, require amylase plus other enzyme formulas depending on the particular condition. <ref>Symptoms of enzyme deficiencies. (2012). Retrieved from http://enzymes.subtleenergysolutions.com/enzyme-deficiency.html</ref> | ||
== '''Amylase Inhibitors''' == | == '''Amylase Inhibitors''' == | ||
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# '''''Nonproteinaceous inhibitors'''''- The class of nonproteinaceous inhibitors contains diverse types of organic compounds such as acarbose, isoacarbose, acarviosine-glucose, hibiscus acid and the cyclodextrins. The two hibiscus acid forms, purified from Roselle tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa), the acarviosine-glucose, the isoacarbose and a-, b- and c-cyclodextrins are highly active against porcine and human pancreatic a-amylase. The inhibitory activity of these compounds against a-amylases is due in part to their cyclic structures, which resemble a-amylase substrates and therefore bind to a-amylase catalytic sites. | # '''''Nonproteinaceous inhibitors'''''- The class of nonproteinaceous inhibitors contains diverse types of organic compounds such as acarbose, isoacarbose, acarviosine-glucose, hibiscus acid and the cyclodextrins. The two hibiscus acid forms, purified from Roselle tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa), the acarviosine-glucose, the isoacarbose and a-, b- and c-cyclodextrins are highly active against porcine and human pancreatic a-amylase. The inhibitory activity of these compounds against a-amylases is due in part to their cyclic structures, which resemble a-amylase substrates and therefore bind to a-amylase catalytic sites. | ||
# '''''Cereal-type a-amylase inhibitors'''''- a-Amylase inhibitors of the cereal family are composed of 120-160 amino-acid residues forming five disulfide bonds. These inhibitors are also known as sensitizing agents in humans upon repeated exposure, causing allergy, dermatitis and baker's asthma associated with cereal flour. The bifunctional a-amylase/trypsin inhibitor is another prototype of the cereal inhibitor family. This inhibitor is a stable monomer of 122 amino acids with five disulfide bonds, which is resistant to urea, guanidine hydrochloride and thermal denaturation. | # '''''Cereal-type a-amylase inhibitors'''''- a-Amylase inhibitors of the cereal family are composed of 120-160 amino-acid residues forming five disulfide bonds. These inhibitors are also known as sensitizing agents in humans upon repeated exposure, causing allergy, dermatitis and baker's asthma associated with cereal flour. The bifunctional a-amylase/trypsin inhibitor is another prototype of the cereal inhibitor family. This inhibitor is a stable monomer of 122 amino acids with five disulfide bonds, which is resistant to urea, guanidine hydrochloride and thermal denaturation. | ||
== References == | |||
<references/> | |||
