G09SecL04Tpc2: Difference between revisions
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<Structure load='1FJ1' size='400' frame='true' align='right' caption='OspA Dimer with LA-2 Antibody DImer'/> | <Structure load='1FJ1' size='400' frame='true' align='right' caption='OspA Dimer with LA-2 Antibody DImer'/> | ||
'''Outer Surface Protein A (OspA)''' is a major | '''Outer Surface Protein A (OspA)''' is a major lipoprotein on the ''borrelia burgdorferi'' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirochete spirochete], which is a causative agent of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyme_Disease Lyme Disease]. The three loops in the C-terminus define the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_dimer dimerized] antigen-antibody complex. Shown to the right is the <scene name='G09SecL04Tpc2/Osp_a_dimer_with_la-2_antibody/1'> OspA dimer with LA-2 Antibody complex</scene>. The interaction between the loops and the LA-2 antibody forms the basis for successful OspA vaccination of this infectious disease. Most early symptoms include fever and headaches that are often eliminated through antibiotics. On the other hand, OspA has many important functions that are associated with late stage neurological disorders of the central nervous system including acute Lyme [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroborreliosis Neuroborreliosis], which can be extremely difficult to treat and disabling of the physical body itself.<ref name=art9>PMID 16040645</ref> | ||
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Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in North American hemisphere. Responsible for transmission is a tick vector from the genus of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixodidae Ixodidae]. There are different bacterial strains of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia borrelia] including ''B.afzellii'' and ''B.garinii'' being very prevalent throughout the European continent; other known strains such as ''B.dutonii'' and ''B. recurrentis'' have been discovered within the past few decades. The most common strain in the United States is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi ''borrelia burgdorgeri''] sensu stricto, and this treponema-like spirochete was discovered to be the causative agent of Lyme Disease discovered by Dr. Willy Burgdorferi in 1982 along with several other colleagues.<ref name=art1>PMID:7043737</ref> | Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in North American hemisphere. Responsible for transmission is a tick vector from the genus of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixodidae Ixodidae]. There are different bacterial strains of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia borrelia] including ''B.afzellii'' and ''B.garinii'' being very prevalent throughout the European continent; other known strains such as ''B.dutonii'' and ''B. recurrentis'' have been discovered within the past few decades. The most common strain in the United States is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borrelia_burgdorferi ''borrelia burgdorgeri''] sensu stricto, and this treponema-like spirochete was discovered to be the causative agent of Lyme Disease discovered by Dr. Willy Burgdorferi in 1982 along with several other colleagues.<ref name=art1>PMID:7043737</ref> | ||
Besides OspA, there are other outer surface proteins, including OspB, OspC, and Vls (see 3-D Structures below), which are very important for the transmission of Lyme Disease from the tick to the host, as well as establishing the infection via bloodstream disseminating throughout the host body. Early symptoms of Lyme Disease include skin lesions and rashes that have a characteristic bulls-eye appearance known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_chronicum_migrans erythema chronicum migrans (ECM)]. It is important to note that ECM can be used for early diagnosis of Lyme Disease prior to awaiting more accurate laboratory tests.<ref name=art2>PMID:17029130</ref> | Besides OspA, there are other outer surface proteins or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoprotein lipoproteins], including OspB, OspC, and Vls (see 3-D Structures below), which are very important for the transmission of Lyme Disease from the tick to the host, as well as establishing the infection via bloodstream disseminating throughout the host body. Early symptoms of Lyme Disease include skin lesions and rashes that have a characteristic bulls-eye appearance known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_chronicum_migrans erythema chronicum migrans (ECM)]. It is important to note that ECM can be used for early diagnosis of Lyme Disease prior to awaiting more accurate laboratory tests.<ref name=art2>PMID:17029130</ref> | ||
== Outer Surface Protein A (OspA) == | == Outer Surface Protein A (OspA) == | ||
