1ua1: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:1ua1.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ua1" size="~~450~~" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"

[[Image:1ua1.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ua1" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"

caption="1ua1, resolution 2.00Å" />

'''Structure of aminofluorene adduct paired opposite cytosine at the polymerase active site.'''<br />

==Overview==

Aromatic amines have been studied for more than a half-century as model, carcinogens representing a class of chemicals that form bulky adducts to, the C8 position of guanine in DNA. Among these guanine adducts, the, N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-aminofluorene (G-AF) and, N-2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-acetylaminofluorene (G-AAF) derivatives are, the best studied. Although G-AF and G-AAF differ by only an acetyl group, they exert different effects on DNA replication by replicative and, high-fidelity DNA polymerases. Translesion synthesis of G-AF is achieved, with high-fidelity polymerases, whereas replication of G-AAF requires, specialized bypass polymerases. Here we have presented structures of G-AF, as it undergoes one round of accurate replication by a high-fidelity DNA, polymerase. Nucleotide incorporation opposite G-AF is achieved in solution, and in the crystal, revealing how the polymerase accommodates and, replicates past G-AF, but not G-AAF. Like an unmodified guanine, G-AF, adopts a conformation that allows it to form Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds, with an opposing cytosine that results in protrusion of the bulky fluorene, moiety into the major groove. Although incorporation opposite G-AF is, observed, the C:G-AF base pair induces distortions to the polymerase, active site that slow translesion synthesis.

Aromatic amines have been studied for more than a half-century as model carcinogens representing a class of chemicals that form bulky adducts to the C8 position of guanine in DNA. Among these guanine adducts, the N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-aminofluorene (G-AF) and N-2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-acetylaminofluorene (G-AAF) derivatives are the best studied. Although G-AF and G-AAF differ by only an acetyl group, they exert different effects on DNA replication by replicative and high-fidelity DNA polymerases. Translesion synthesis of G-AF is achieved with high-fidelity polymerases, whereas replication of G-AAF requires specialized bypass polymerases. Here we have presented structures of G-AF as it undergoes one round of accurate replication by a high-fidelity DNA polymerase. Nucleotide incorporation opposite G-AF is achieved in solution and in the crystal, revealing how the polymerase accommodates and replicates past G-AF, but not G-AAF. Like an unmodified guanine, G-AF adopts a conformation that allows it to form Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with an opposing cytosine that results in protrusion of the bulky fluorene moiety into the major groove. Although incorporation opposite G-AF is observed, the C:G-AF base pair induces distortions to the polymerase active site that slow translesion synthesis.

==About this Structure==

1UA1 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus Geobacillus stearothermophilus] with SO4 and AF as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://~~ispc~~.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1UA1 OCA].

1UA1 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus Geobacillus stearothermophilus] with <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:'>SO4</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=AF:'>AF</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1UA1 OCA].

==Reference==

Line 14:

[[Category: Geobacillus stearothermophilus]]

[[Category: Protein complex]]

[[Category: Becherel, O.J.]]

[[Category: Becherel, O J.]]

[[Category: Beese, L.S.]]

[[Category: Beese, L S.]]

[[Category: Fuchs, R.P.P.]]

[[Category: Fuchs, R P.P.]]

[[Category: Hsu, G.W.]]

[[Category: Hsu, G W.]]

[[Category: Kiefer, J.R.]]

[[Category: Kiefer, J R.]]

[[Category: AF]]

[[Category: SO4]]

[[Category: dna polymerase i; dna replication; klenow fragment; protein-dna complex; aminofluorene; aromatic amine; dna lesion; translation replication]]

''Page seeded by [http://~~ispc~~.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on ~~Sun Nov 25 03~~:36:~~19 2007~~''

''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 15:22:12 2008''

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Image:1ua1.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ua1" size="450" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
+[[Image:1ua1.gif|left|200px]]<br /><applet load="1ua1" size="350" color="white" frame="true" align="right" spinBox="true"
 caption="1ua1, resolution 2.00&Aring;" />
 '''Structure of aminofluorene adduct paired opposite cytosine at the polymerase active site.'''<br />
 ==Overview==
-Aromatic amines have been studied for more than a half-century as model, carcinogens representing a class of chemicals that form bulky adducts to, the C8 position of guanine in DNA. Among these guanine adducts, the, N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-aminofluorene (G-AF) and, N-2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-acetylaminofluorene (G-AAF) derivatives are, the best studied. Although G-AF and G-AAF differ by only an acetyl group, they exert different effects on DNA replication by replicative and, high-fidelity DNA polymerases. Translesion synthesis of G-AF is achieved, with high-fidelity polymerases, whereas replication of G-AAF requires, specialized bypass polymerases. Here we have presented structures of G-AF, as it undergoes one round of accurate replication by a high-fidelity DNA, polymerase. Nucleotide incorporation opposite G-AF is achieved in solution, and in the crystal, revealing how the polymerase accommodates and, replicates past G-AF, but not G-AAF. Like an unmodified guanine, G-AF, adopts a conformation that allows it to form Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds, with an opposing cytosine that results in protrusion of the bulky fluorene, moiety into the major groove. Although incorporation opposite G-AF is, observed, the C:G-AF base pair induces distortions to the polymerase, active site that slow translesion synthesis.
+Aromatic amines have been studied for more than a half-century as model carcinogens representing a class of chemicals that form bulky adducts to the C8 position of guanine in DNA. Among these guanine adducts, the N-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-aminofluorene (G-AF) and N-2-(2'-deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-acetylaminofluorene (G-AAF) derivatives are the best studied. Although G-AF and G-AAF differ by only an acetyl group, they exert different effects on DNA replication by replicative and high-fidelity DNA polymerases. Translesion synthesis of G-AF is achieved with high-fidelity polymerases, whereas replication of G-AAF requires specialized bypass polymerases. Here we have presented structures of G-AF as it undergoes one round of accurate replication by a high-fidelity DNA polymerase. Nucleotide incorporation opposite G-AF is achieved in solution and in the crystal, revealing how the polymerase accommodates and replicates past G-AF, but not G-AAF. Like an unmodified guanine, G-AF adopts a conformation that allows it to form Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds with an opposing cytosine that results in protrusion of the bulky fluorene moiety into the major groove. Although incorporation opposite G-AF is observed, the C:G-AF base pair induces distortions to the polymerase active site that slow translesion synthesis.
 ==About this Structure==
-UA1 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus Geobacillus stearothermophilus] with SO4 and AF as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1UA1 OCA].
+UA1 is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_complex Protein complex] structure of sequences from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geobacillus_stearothermophilus Geobacillus stearothermophilus] with <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:'>SO4</scene> and <scene name='pdbligand=AF:'>AF</scene> as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ligands ligands]. Active as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-directed_DNA_polymerase DNA-directed DNA polymerase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.7.7.7 2.7.7.7] Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1UA1 OCA].
 ==Reference==
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 [[Category: Geobacillus stearothermophilus]]
 [[Category: Protein complex]]
-[[Category: Becherel, O.J.]]
+[[Category: Becherel, O J.]]
-[[Category: Beese, L.S.]]
+[[Category: Beese, L S.]]
-[[Category: Fuchs, R.P.P.]]
+[[Category: Fuchs, R P.P.]]
-[[Category: Hsu, G.W.]]
+[[Category: Hsu, G W.]]
-[[Category: Kiefer, J.R.]]
+[[Category: Kiefer, J R.]]
 [[Category: AF]]
 [[Category: SO4]]
 [[Category: dna polymerase i; dna replication; klenow fragment; protein-dna complex; aminofluorene; aromatic amine; dna lesion; translation replication]]
-''Page seeded by [http://ispc.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sun Nov 25 03:36:19 2007''
+''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Thu Feb 21 15:22:12 2008''