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[[Image:The RAS RAF MEK ERK pathway.jpg|400px|thumb| Diagram of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway<ref>PMID:17208430</ref>.]]
[[Image:The RAS RAF MEK ERK pathway.jpg|400px|thumb| Diagram of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway<ref>PMID:17208430</ref>.]]
The regulation of RAF Kinases involves protein-protein interactions, phosphorylations, dephosphorylations and conformational changes<ref>PMID:15520807</ref>. <br />
The regulation of RAF Kinases involves protein-protein interactions, phosphorylations, dephosphorylations and conformational changes<ref>PMID:15520807</ref>. <br />
RAF kinases participate in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade, which is sometimes denoted as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade<ref>PMID:12471243</ref>. Growth factors bind to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), resulting in RAS activation. RAF proteins are one of a family of effector proteins activated by RAS, and they in turn stimulate the activation of [[MEK]], which subsequently stimulates [[ERK]] activity. ERK phosphorylates both cytosolic and nuclear proteins, thereby mediating the cellular responses cells make when this pathway is activated.<br />
RAF kinases participate in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade, which is sometimes denoted as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade<ref>PMID:12471243</ref>. Growth factors bind to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), resulting in RAS activation. RAF proteins are one of a family of effector proteins activated by RAS, and they in turn stimulate the activation of MEK, which subsequently stimulates [[ERK]] activity. ERK phosphorylates both cytosolic and nuclear proteins, thereby mediating the cellular responses cells make when this pathway is activated.<br />


=== Structural implication on the MAP Kinase Pathway ===
=== Structural implication on the MAP Kinase Pathway ===