Sandbox Reserved 770: Difference between revisions
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==Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase== | ==Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase== | ||
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) catalyses the first and committed step in the phenyl propanoid pathway, forming ''trans''-cinnamic acid by non-oxidative deamination of L-phenylalanine. Biosynthesis of polyphenol compounds are found in lignin in plants, some yeast and fungi.<ref name="science">http://www.sciencedirect.com.prox.lib.ncsu.edu/science/article/pii/S0031942200804653</ref> PAL is | Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) catalyses the first and committed step in the phenyl propanoid pathway, forming ''trans''-cinnamic acid by non-oxidative deamination of L-phenylalanine. Biosynthesis of polyphenol compounds are found in lignin in plants, some yeast and fungi.<ref name="science">http://www.sciencedirect.com.prox.lib.ncsu.edu/science/article/pii/S0031942200804653</ref> PAL is classified as a [[lyase]]. | ||
PAL is the most studied enzyme corcerning secondary metabolism in plants due to the significant fluctuations in enzyme levels within relatively short time intervals in response to a variety of stimuli. Activation of PAL is induced in response to various stimuli such as tissue wounding, pathogenic attack, ultra-violet light radiation, low temperatures, and hormones. PAL substitution therapy has been used in phenylketonuria treatment. The reverse reaction of PAL is used to create L-phenylalanine, a precursor for Aspartame sweetener. <ref name="science1">http://www.sciencedirect.com.prox.lib.ncsu.edu/science/article/pii/0031942273850010#</ref> | PAL is a dimer composed of two identical subunits, tightly packed together to form a tetramer. PAL is the most studied enzyme corcerning secondary metabolism in plants due to the significant fluctuations in enzyme levels within relatively short time intervals in response to a variety of stimuli. Activation of PAL is induced in response to various stimuli such as tissue wounding, pathogenic attack, ultra-violet light radiation, low temperatures, and hormones. PAL substitution therapy has been used in phenylketonuria treatment. The reverse reaction of PAL is used to create L-phenylalanine, a precursor for Aspartame sweetener. <ref name="science1">http://www.sciencedirect.com.prox.lib.ncsu.edu/science/article/pii/0031942273850010#</ref> | ||
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