Elongation factor: Difference between revisions

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'''Elongation factors''' (EF) facilitate translational elongation during the formation of peptide bonds in the ribosome. EF-selB is selenocysteine-specific EF. EF-Tu or EF 1-α (elongation factor thermo unstable) is a prokaryotic EF. EF-Tu contributes to translational accuracy. It catalyzes the addition of aminoacyl tRNA.

'''Elongation factors''' (EF) facilitate translational elongation during the formation of peptide bonds in the ribosome.

EF-Ts or EF 1-β (elongation factor thermo stable) catalyzes the release of GDP from EF-Tu. EF-G translocates the peptidyl tRNA from the A site to the P site while moving the mRNA through the ribosome. EF-SII helps RNA polymerase II to bypass blocks to elongation. EF-ELL2 enhances polyadenylation and exon skipping with the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy-chain complex. EF-GreA or GreB are cleavage factors allowing the resumption of elongation. EF-NusA recruits translesion DNA polymerases to gaps encountered during translation. EF-P alters the ribosome affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA. EF-1 ~~gamma~~ acts during the delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome. EF-2 promotes the translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A site to the P site on the ribosome. EF-3 is unique EF in fungi hence it provides an anti-fungal drug target. EF Spt4, Spt5, Spt6 are conserved among eukaryotes. They modulate the chromatin structure. EF-CA150 is believed to play a role in coupling transcription and splicing. ~~The elongin~~ B and C complex is involved in the proteasomal degredation of target proteins.

* '''EF-selB''' is selenocysteine-specific EF.

* '''EF-Tu or EF 1-α''' (elongation factor thermo unstable) is a prokaryotic EF. EF-Tu contributes to translational accuracy. It catalyzes the addition of aminoacyl tRNA.

*'''EF-Ts or EF 1-β''' (elongation factor thermo stable) catalyzes the release of GDP from EF-Tu.

* '''EF-G''' translocates the peptidyl tRNA from the A site to the P site while moving the mRNA through the ribosome.

* '''EF-SII''' helps RNA polymerase II to bypass blocks to elongation.

* '''EF-ELL2''' enhances polyadenylation and exon skipping with the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy-chain complex.

* '''EF-GreA or GreB''' are cleavage factors allowing the resumption of elongation.

* '''EF-NusA''' recruits translesion DNA polymerases to gaps encountered during translation.

* '''EF-P''' alters the ribosome affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA.

* '''EF-1 γ''' acts during the delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome.

* '''EF-2''' promotes the translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A site to the P site on the ribosome.

* '''EF-3''' is a unique EF in fungi hence it provides an anti-fungal drug target.

* '''EF Spt4, Spt5, Spt6''' are conserved among eukaryotes. They modulate the chromatin structure.

* '''EF-CA150''' is believed to play a role in coupling transcription and splicing.

* '''Elongin B and C complex''' is involved in the proteasomal degredation of target proteins.

For EF-3 see [[HEAT Repeat]]

For EF-SelB see [[SelB]].

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**[[1b23]] - TaEF + Cys-tRNA

**[[1ls2]] – yEF + Phe-tRNA – yeast – Cryo EM

**[[3agj]] – EF + plethora protein – ''Aeropyrum pernix''

**[[3agj]] – ApEF + plethora protein – ''Aeropyrum pernix''

**[[4h9g]], [[4lbv]], [[4lbw]], [[4lby]], [[4lbz]], [[4lc0]] – TtEF – ''Thermus thermophilus''

**[[4j0q]] – EF – ''Pseudomonas putida''

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**[[1tui]] – TaEF + GDP

**[[1d2e]] – bEF + GDP – bovine

**[[1jny]], [[1skq]] – SsEF + GDP – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''

**[[1jny]], [[1skq]] – SsEF + GDP – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''

**[[3wya]] – PhEF + GDP - ''Pyrococcus horikoshii''

*''EF-Tu complex with protein''

**[[3vmf]] – ApEF + translation termination factor

**[[3wxm]] – ApEF + protein pelota homolog

**[[3wy9]] – PhEF + L12

**[[4p3y]] – EcEF + thiol:disulfide interchange protein

*''EF-Tu with EF-Ts''

**[[1efu]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts

**[[1efu]], [[3agp]], [[3agq]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts

**[[3avt]], [[3avu]] , [[3avv]], [[3avw]], [[3avx]], [[3avy]], [[3vnu]] , [[3vnv]], [[4fwt]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + RNA

**[[3mmp]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + RNA replicase beta chain

**[[4q7j]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + Q beta replicase + S1

**[[1aip]] - TtEF + TtEF-Ts - ''Thermus thermophilus''

**[[1xb2]] – bEF + EF-Ts - bovine

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**[[1efg]], [[1elo]], [[1ktv]], [[1wdt]], [[2dy1]] – TtEF

**[[4m1k]], [[4myt]], [[4myu]] – TtEF (mutant)

**[[1pn6]], [[3izp]] – TtEF – Cryo EM

**[[4b8f]], [[4b8h]] – TtEF in 70S ribosome

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**[[3oyy]] – PaEF

**[[3tre]] – EF – ''Coxiella burnetii''

**[[3a5z]] – EcEF + lysyl-tRNA synthetase

**[[3a5z]] – EcEF + lysyl-tRNA synthetase

**[[1yby]] – EF – ''Clostridium thermocellum''

*EF-Ts

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**[[2cp9]] – UBA domain – NMR

**[[1gh8]] – EF – ''Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum'' – NMR

**[[2yy3]] – ~~EF – ''Pyrococcus horikoshii''~~

**[[2yy3]] – PhEF

**[[2uz8]] – hEF (mutant)

*EF-1 α-2

**[[4c0s]] – rEF – rabbit

*EF-1 δ-1

**[[2mvm]], [[2mvn]] – hEF CAR domain – NMR

*EF-1G

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**[[1n0u]], [[2e1r]], [[2npf]] – yEF + antifungal drug

**[[1zm2]], [[1zm3]], [[1zm4]], [[1zm9]], [[3b78]], [[3b82]], [[3b8h]], [[2zit]] – yEF + exotoxin

**[[1s1h]] - yEF + antifungal drug in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM

**[[1s1h]] - hEF in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM

**[[4cxg]], [[4cxh]] - rEF in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM

**[[2p8w]], [[2p8x]], [[3dny]] - yEF in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM

**[[2p8y]], [[2p8z]] - yEF+ antifungal drug in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM

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**[[2iw3]] – yEF + ADP

**[[2ix8]] – yEF in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM

*EF-4 (lepA)

**[[2ywh]], [[2ywe]], [[2ywf]], [[2ywg]] - AalepA + nucleotide - ''Aquifex aeolicus''

**[[3cb4]] - EclepA

**[[3deg]] - EclepA in 70S ribosome + GMPPNP – Cryo EM

*EF-SelB

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**[[3dcg]] – hEloBC + virion infectivity factor

**[[2xai]] - hEloBC + ankyrin rep

**[[1vcb]] – hEloBC + VHL

**[[2fnj]] - mEloBC + GUSTAVUS

}}

[[Category:Topic Page]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <StructureSection load='1efu' size='400' side='right' caption='Structure of EF-Tu (grey and pink) with EF-Ts (green and yellow) (PDB entry [[1efu]])' scene=''>
-'''Elongation factors''' (EF) facilitate translational elongation during the formation of peptide bonds in the ribosome.  EF-selB is selenocysteine-specific EF.  EF-Tu or EF 1-α (elongation factor thermo unstable) is a prokaryotic EF.  EF-Tu contributes to translational accuracy.  It catalyzes the addition of aminoacyl tRNA.
+'''Elongation factors''' (EF) facilitate translational elongation during the formation of peptide bonds in the ribosome.<br />
-EF-Ts or EF 1-β (elongation factor thermo stable) catalyzes the release of GDP from EF-Tu.  EF-G translocates the peptidyl tRNA from the A site to the P site while moving the mRNA through the ribosome.  EF-SII helps RNA polymerase II to bypass blocks to elongation.  EF-ELL2 enhances polyadenylation and exon skipping with the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy-chain complex.  EF-GreA or GreB are cleavage factors allowing the resumption of elongation.  EF-NusA recruits translesion DNA polymerases to gaps encountered during translation.  EF-P alters the ribosome affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA.  EF-1 gamma acts during the delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome.  EF-2 promotes the translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A site to the P site on the ribosome.  EF-3 is unique EF in fungi hence it provides an anti-fungal drug target. EF Spt4, Spt5, Spt6 are conserved among eukaryotes.  They modulate the chromatin structure.  EF-CA150 is believed to play a role in coupling transcription and splicing.  The elongin B and C complex is involved in the proteasomal degredation of target proteins.<br />
+* '''EF-selB''' is selenocysteine-specific EF.<br />
+* '''EF-Tu or EF 1-α''' (elongation factor thermo unstable) is a prokaryotic EF.  EF-Tu contributes to translational accuracy.  It catalyzes the addition of aminoacyl tRNA. <br />
+*'''EF-Ts or EF 1-β''' (elongation factor thermo stable) catalyzes the release of GDP from EF-Tu.<br />
+* '''EF-G''' translocates the peptidyl tRNA from the A site to the P site while moving the mRNA through the ribosome.<br />
+* '''EF-SII''' helps RNA polymerase II to bypass blocks to elongation.<br />
+* '''EF-ELL2''' enhances polyadenylation and exon skipping with the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy-chain complex.<br />
+* '''EF-GreA or GreB''' are cleavage factors allowing the resumption of elongation.<br />
+* '''EF-NusA''' recruits translesion DNA polymerases to gaps encountered during translation.<br />
+* '''EF-P''' alters the ribosome affinity to aminoacyl-tRNA.<br />
+*  '''EF-1 γ''' acts during the delivery of aminoacyl tRNA to the ribosome.<br />
+* '''EF-2''' promotes the translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A site to the P site on the ribosome.<br />
+* '''EF-3''' is a unique EF in fungi hence it provides an anti-fungal drug target.<br />
+* '''EF Spt4, Spt5, Spt6''' are conserved among eukaryotes.  They modulate the chromatin structure.<br />
+* '''EF-CA150''' is believed to play a role in coupling transcription and splicing.<br />
+*  '''Elongin B and C complex''' is involved in the proteasomal degredation of target proteins.<br />
 For EF-3 see [[HEAT Repeat]]<br />
 For EF-SelB see [[SelB]].
@@ Line 22: / Line 36: @@
 **[[1b23]] - TaEF + Cys-tRNA<BR />
 **[[1ls2]] – yEF + Phe-tRNA – yeast – Cryo EM<BR />
-**[[3agj]] – EF + plethora protein – ''Aeropyrum pernix''<br />
+**[[3agj]] – ApEF + plethora protein – ''Aeropyrum pernix''<br />
 **[[4h9g]], [[4lbv]], [[4lbw]], [[4lby]], [[4lbz]], [[4lc0]] – TtEF – ''Thermus thermophilus''<br />
 **[[4j0q]] – EF – ''Pseudomonas putida''<br />
@@ Line 43: / Line 57: @@
 **[[1tui]] – TaEF + GDP<BR />
 **[[1d2e]] – bEF + GDP – bovine<BR />
-**[[1jny]], [[1skq]] – SsEF + GDP – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''
+**[[1jny]], [[1skq]] – SsEF + GDP – ''Sulfolobus solfataricus''<br />
+**[[3wya]] – PhEF + GDP - ''Pyrococcus horikoshii''<br />
+*''EF-Tu complex with protein''
+**[[3vmf]] – ApEF + translation termination factor<br />
+**[[3wxm]] – ApEF + protein pelota homolog<br />
+**[[3wy9]] – PhEF + L12 <br />
+**[[4p3y]] – EcEF + thiol:disulfide interchange protein <br />
 *''EF-Tu with EF-Ts''
-**[[1efu]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts<BR />
+**[[1efu]], [[3agp]], [[3agq]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts<BR />
+**[[3avt]], [[3avu]] , [[3avv]], [[3avw]], [[3avx]], [[3avy]], [[3vnu]] , [[3vnv]], [[4fwt]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + RNA<br />
+**[[3mmp]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + RNA replicase beta chain<br />
+**[[4q7j]] – EcEF + EcEF-Ts + Q beta replicase + S1<br />
 **[[1aip]] - TtEF + TtEF-Ts - ''Thermus thermophilus''<BR />
 **[[1xb2]] – bEF + EF-Ts - bovine<BR />
@@ Line 82: / Line 107: @@
 **[[1efg]], [[1elo]], [[1ktv]], [[1wdt]], [[2dy1]] – TtEF<BR />
+**[[4m1k]], [[4myt]], [[4myu]] – TtEF (mutant)<br />
 **[[1pn6]], [[3izp]] – TtEF – Cryo EM<BR />
 **[[4b8f]], [[4b8h]] – TtEF in 70S ribosome <BR />
@@ Line 119: / Line 145: @@
 **[[3oyy]] – PaEF <BR />
 **[[3tre]] – EF – ''Coxiella burnetii''<br />
-**[[3a5z]] – EcEF + lysyl-tRNA synthetase
+**[[3a5z]] – EcEF + lysyl-tRNA synthetase<br />
+**[[1yby]] – EF – ''Clostridium thermocellum''<br />
 *EF-Ts
@@ Line 127: / Line 154: @@
 **[[2cp9]] – UBA domain – NMR<BR />
 **[[1gh8]] – EF – ''Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum'' – NMR<BR />
-**[[2yy3]] – EF – ''Pyrococcus horikoshii''<BR />
+**[[2yy3]] – PhEF <BR />
 **[[2uz8]] – hEF (mutant)
+*EF-1 α-2
+**[[4c0s]] – rEF  – rabbit<br />
+*EF-1 δ-1
+**[[2mvm]], [[2mvn]] – hEF CAR domain – NMR<br />
 *EF-1G
@@ Line 141: / Line 176: @@
 **[[1n0u]], [[2e1r]], [[2npf]] – yEF + antifungal drug<BR />
 **[[1zm2]], [[1zm3]], [[1zm4]], [[1zm9]], [[3b78]], [[3b82]], [[3b8h]], [[2zit]] – yEF + exotoxin<BR />
-**[[1s1h]] - yEF + antifungal drug in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
 **[[1s1h]] - hEF  in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
+**[[4cxg]], [[4cxh]] - rEF  in 40S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
 **[[2p8w]], [[2p8x]], [[3dny]] - yEF in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
 **[[2p8y]], [[2p8z]] - yEF+ antifungal drug in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
@@ Line 152: / Line 187: @@
 **[[2iw3]] – yEF + ADP<BR />
 **[[2ix8]] – yEF in 80S ribosome – Cryo EM<BR />
+*EF-4 (lepA)
+**[[2ywh]], [[2ywe]], [[2ywf]], [[2ywg]] - AalepA  + nucleotide - ''Aquifex aeolicus''<BR />
+**[[3cb4]] - EclepA  <BR />
+**[[3deg]] - EclepA  in 70S ribosome + GMPPNP – Cryo EM<BR />
 *EF-SelB
@@ Line 192: / Line 233: @@
 **[[3dcg]] – hEloBC + virion infectivity factor<br />
 **[[2xai]] - hEloBC + ankyrin rep<br />
+**[[1vcb]] – hEloBC + VHL<br />
+**[[2fnj]] - mEloBC + GUSTAVUS
 }}
 [[Category:Topic Page]]

Elongation factor: Difference between revisions

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