Sandbox Reserved 1120: Difference between revisions

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The SRY protein activates the ''SOX9'' (SRY-box9) gene <ref> McElreavey K, Barbaux S, Ion A, Fellous M. The genetic basis of murine and human sex determination: a review. Heredity. 1995 Dec;75 ( Pt 6):599–611. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8575930]</ref>. This gene is found in long arm 24.3 of the chromosome 17<ref> NCBI [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6662] </ref> and is implicated in the stimulation of the differentiation of pre-Sertori into Sertoli cells rather than granulosa cells.
The SRY protein activates the ''SOX9'' (SRY-box9) gene <ref> McElreavey K, Barbaux S, Ion A, Fellous M. The genetic basis of murine and human sex determination: a review. Heredity. 1995 Dec;75 ( Pt 6):599–611. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8575930]</ref>. This gene is found in long arm 24.3 of the chromosome 17<ref> NCBI [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6662] </ref> and is implicated in the stimulation of the differentiation of pre-Sertori into Sertoli cells rather than granulosa cells.


The activation of ''SOX''9 is done by the SRY protein and another transcriptional factor: SF1 (steroidogenic factor 1). These transcriptional factors are bound on an enhancer called: TESCO (Testis-Specific Enhancer of ''SOX9'' core element). The binding of a transcriptional factor on an enhancer provokes a curvature of the DNA (≈75°), allowing a stabilization of the elongation complex on the ''SOX9'' promoter. The SOX9 protein activates the gene ''AMH'' (Anti-Mullerian Hormone)<ref>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR006799?q=AMH] </ref>. Therefor, it allows the reduction of the channels of Müller in male. <ref>Harley VR, Clarkson MJ, Argentaro A. The Molecular Action and Regulation of the Testis-Determining Factors, SRY (Sex-Determining Region on the Y Chromosome) and SOX9 [SRY-Related High-Mobility Group (HMG) Box 9]. Endocr Rev. 2003 Aug 1;24(4):466–87. [http://press.endocrine.org/doi/10.1210/er.2002-0025?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3Dpubmed&]</ref>
The activation of ''SOX''9 is done by the SRY protein and another transcriptional factor: SF1 (steroidogenic factor 1). These transcriptional factors are bound on an enhancer called: TESCO (Testis-Specific Enhancer of ''SOX9'' core element). The binding of a transcriptional factor on an enhancer provokes a curvature of the DNA (≈75°), allowing a stabilization of the elongation complex on the ''SOX9'' promoter. The SOX9 protein activates the gene ''AMH'' (Anti-Mullerian Hormone)<ref>[http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR006799?q=AMH] </ref>. Therefor, it allows the degenerationof the channels of Müller in male. <ref>Harley VR, Clarkson MJ, Argentaro A. The Molecular Action and Regulation of the Testis-Determining Factors, SRY (Sex-Determining Region on the Y Chromosome) and SOX9 [SRY-Related High-Mobility Group (HMG) Box 9]. Endocr Rev. 2003 Aug 1;24(4):466–87. [http://press.endocrine.org/doi/10.1210/er.2002-0025?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3Dpubmed&]</ref>




:It has been shown that SRY would be involved in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in mice. Indeed, sequence mutations of the protein lead to hypertension.
Because the human's SRY organisation is very closed to he mouse's, it has been proposed that SRY would have the same function in human but it has not been studied directly.<ref>PMID:22315667</ref>


===Cathecolamines regulation===
===Cathecolamines regulation===
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Some knock-down experiments have shown that SRY may also be a major actor in the dopamine pathway. On the peripheral side, it even regulates noradrenaline levels and blood pressure.<ref>PMID: 24604382</ref> A researcher who contributed to discovering this effects says it might explain why "the aggressive fight-or-flight reaction is more dominant in men, while women predominantly adopt a less aggressive tend-and-befriend response".<ref>Cohen, Tamara. The 'macho' gene that makes men behave aggressively has been found. The Daily Mail (2012). [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2111668/The-macho-gene-makes-men-aggressive-found.html#ixzz3yZC2BV4k]</ref>
Some knock-down experiments have shown that SRY may also be a major actor in the dopamine pathway. On the peripheral side, it even regulates noradrenaline levels and blood pressure.<ref>PMID: 24604382</ref> A researcher who contributed to discovering this effects says it might explain why "the aggressive fight-or-flight reaction is more dominant in men, while women predominantly adopt a less aggressive tend-and-befriend response".<ref>Cohen, Tamara. The 'macho' gene that makes men behave aggressively has been found. The Daily Mail (2012). [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2111668/The-macho-gene-makes-men-aggressive-found.html#ixzz3yZC2BV4k]</ref>


 
It has been shown that SRY would be involved in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in mice. Indeed, sequence mutations of the protein lead to hypertension.
Because the human's SRY organisation is very closed to he mouse's, it has been proposed that SRY would have the same function in human but it has not been studied directly.<ref>PMID:22315667</ref>


== Diseases==
== Diseases==
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