Retroviral Integrase: Difference between revisions
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<StructureSection load=1k6y size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='N-terminal and core domain of HIV-1 integrase complex with phosphate, zinc (grey) and potassium (purple) ions(PDB code [[1k6y]])'> | <StructureSection load=1k6y size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='N-terminal and core domain of HIV-1 integrase complex with phosphate, zinc (grey) and potassium (purple) ions(PDB code [[1k6y]])'> | ||
[[Image:3l2q.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of Integrase [[3l2q]]]] | [[Image:3l2q.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of Integrase [[3l2q]]]] | ||
==Function== | |||
[[Retroviral Integrase]] is an essential retroviral enzyme that binds to viral DNA and inserts it into a host cell chromosome. The reverse transcribed cDNA of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is inserted in the host cell genome in order increase pathogen fitness and virulence. Integrase is produced by a class of retrovirus (like HIV) and is used by the virus to incorporate its genetic material into the host cell DNA. The host cellular machinery then produces mRNA and then protein from the incorporated genetic material, thus replicating the virus. Although several integrase inhibiting drugs have been investigated, the mechanism responsible for strand-transfer inhibition action remains to be elucidated. However, Hare ''et al'' (2010) determined the structural constituents of retroviral integration. Further elucidation of the complete structure of the retroviral integrase, and its application to regulate functional and enzymatic activities could potentially enable researchers to delay the progression of retroviral diseases. Moreover, study of HIV-1 integration could lead to a promising new target, and contribute to the generation pharmacophore models for antiviral therapy. <br/> | [[Retroviral Integrase]] is an essential retroviral enzyme that binds to viral DNA and inserts it into a host cell chromosome. The reverse transcribed cDNA of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is inserted in the host cell genome in order increase pathogen fitness and virulence. Integrase is produced by a class of retrovirus (like HIV) and is used by the virus to incorporate its genetic material into the host cell DNA. The host cellular machinery then produces mRNA and then protein from the incorporated genetic material, thus replicating the virus. Although several integrase inhibiting drugs have been investigated, the mechanism responsible for strand-transfer inhibition action remains to be elucidated. However, Hare ''et al'' (2010) determined the structural constituents of retroviral integration. Further elucidation of the complete structure of the retroviral integrase, and its application to regulate functional and enzymatic activities could potentially enable researchers to delay the progression of retroviral diseases. Moreover, study of HIV-1 integration could lead to a promising new target, and contribute to the generation pharmacophore models for antiviral therapy. <br/> | ||
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[[Image:HIV_Stats.jpg|thumb|alt=Alt text|In 2010, there are more than 25 million people have died of AIDS, and it is estimated that approximately 33 million people are living with HIV.]] | [[Image:HIV_Stats.jpg|thumb|alt=Alt text|In 2010, there are more than 25 million people have died of AIDS, and it is estimated that approximately 33 million people are living with HIV.]] | ||
To date, more than 25 million people have died of AIDS and it is estimated that approximately 33 million people are living with HIV today. | To date, more than 25 million people have died of AIDS and it is estimated that approximately 33 million people are living with HIV today. For retroviral integrase inhibitor see [[Raltegravir]]. | ||
==Impact of Structure== | ==Impact of Structure== | ||
