Sandbox Reserved 1174: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:LPA signalling.png|300px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2:''' Major LPA Signaling Pathways<ref name= "Mills"> DOI:10.1038/nrc1143 </ref>]] | [[Image:LPA signalling.png|300px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2:''' Major LPA Signaling Pathways<ref name= "Mills"> DOI:10.1038/nrc1143 </ref>]] | ||
Of the six LPA G-protein coupled receptors, LPA<sub>1</sub> is the most widely expressed. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 is coupled to a heterotrimeric G protein. The three G alpha proteins that LPA<sub>1</sub> couples to are G<sub>i</sub>, G<sub>q</sub>, and G<sub>12/13</sub>.<ref name= "Moolenaar"> DOI: 10.1002/bies.20081 </ref> From these three G proteins many signal transduction pathways are activated. The downstream effects of G<sub>i</sub> are cell proliferation, cell survival, cell migration, and morphological changes. G<sub>q</sub> signals the inhibition of gap-junctional communication. Those of G<sub>12/13</sub> are morphological changes, inhibition / reversal of differentiation, contraction, and increased endothelial permeability. These downstream functions show the wide array of effects that LPA can have on the body. Targeted deletion of LPA receptors has had an effect on every organ system examined.<ref name= "Chrencik"> DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.002 </ref> | Of the six LPA G-protein coupled receptors, LPA<sub>1</sub> is the most widely expressed. Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 is coupled to a heterotrimeric G protein. The three G alpha proteins that LPA<sub>1</sub> couples to are G<sub>i</sub>, G<sub>q</sub>, and G<sub>12/13</sub>.<ref name= "Moolenaar"> DOI: 10.1002/bies.20081 </ref> From these three G proteins many signal transduction pathways are activated (Figure 2). The downstream effects of G<sub>i</sub> are cell proliferation, cell survival, cell migration, and morphological changes. G<sub>q</sub> signals the inhibition of gap-junctional communication. Those of G<sub>12/13</sub> are morphological changes, inhibition / reversal of differentiation, contraction, and increased endothelial permeability. These downstream functions show the wide array of effects that LPA can have on the body. Targeted deletion of LPA receptors has had an effect on every organ system examined.<ref name= "Chrencik"> DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.002 </ref> | ||
LPA<sub>1</sub> is part of the larger EDG (endothelial differentiation gene) family which includes the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. Compare to S1P… | LPA<sub>1</sub> is part of the larger EDG (endothelial differentiation gene) family which includes the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. Compare to S1P… | ||
