Sandbox Reserved 1165: Difference between revisions
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===Introduction=== | ===Introduction=== | ||
[[Image:Screen_Shot_2016-03-29_at_12.45.02_PM.png|(|):|200 px|right|thumb|<font size="1.0"><div style="text-align: center;">Figure 1: Glucagon, shown in green, bound to its receptor in the class B family </div></font>]] | [[Image:Screen_Shot_2016-03-29_at_12.45.02_PM.png|(|):|200 px|right|thumb|<font size="1.0"><div style="text-align: center;">'''Figure 1: Glucagon''', shown in green, bound to its receptor in the class B family </div></font>]] | ||
'''Human glucagon class B G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs'''), also known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretin_receptor_family secretin-like receptors], are a subfamily of the more well known class A ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsin-like_receptors rhodopsin-like]) glucagon receptor family<ref name="Intro">PMID: 24359917</ref> . Located in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver liver], class B glucagon receptors (GCGRs) are activated by the binding of the hormonal peptide [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon glucagon], as seen in '''Figure 1''', which leads to the release of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose glucose] into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system bloodstream] and plays an essential role in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_regulation glucose homeostasis]. Class B GCGRs are composed of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver seven transmembrane domain] (7TM) and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver extracellular domain] (ECD) that are of vital importance in glucagon binding. In comparison, class A vs. class B glucagon receptors share less than fifteen percent sequence homology, but both share this 7TM which is a primary area of comparison between the two <ref name="Intro">PMID: 24359917</ref>. The understanding of class A family of GCGRs structure-function [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Enzyme_Catalytic_Mechanism mechanism] has made great progress over the past few years, but understanding of class B has fallen behind. | '''Human glucagon class B G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs'''), also known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretin_receptor_family secretin-like receptors], are a subfamily of the more well known class A ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsin-like_receptors rhodopsin-like]) glucagon receptor family<ref name="Intro">PMID: 24359917</ref> . Located in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver liver], class B glucagon receptors (GCGRs) are activated by the binding of the hormonal peptide [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon glucagon], as seen in '''Figure 1''', which leads to the release of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose glucose] into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system bloodstream] and plays an essential role in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_regulation glucose homeostasis]. Class B GCGRs are composed of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver seven transmembrane domain] (7TM) and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver extracellular domain] (ECD) that are of vital importance in glucagon binding. In comparison, class A vs. class B glucagon receptors share less than fifteen percent sequence homology, but both share this 7TM which is a primary area of comparison between the two <ref name="Intro">PMID: 24359917</ref>. The understanding of class A family of GCGRs structure-function [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Enzyme_Catalytic_Mechanism mechanism] has made great progress over the past few years, but understanding of class B has fallen behind. | ||
