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Due to the important role MAO-A plays in maintaining a balance of various neurotransmitters in the digestive and central nervous system, as well as its production of ROS, an imbalance of MAO-A may result in any of several diseases. For example, postpartum depression is a moderate to severe form of depression that occurs as the result of an excess of MAO-A in the brain that some women experience after childbirth, often referred to as the baby blues [http://www.mpg.de].In research conducted by Julia Sacher of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, it was concluded that the levels of MAO-A in women with postpartum depression are about 40% greater than those of average women. [[Image:Postpardam_depression_maoa.jpg|thumb|right|”Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET) of a depressive patient without medication (left) with elevated monoamine-oxidase-A-levels (green, yellow, red) and after a six-week-treatment with the monoamine-oxidase-A-inhibitor moclobemid (right)” (Sacher et al).]]
Due to the important role MAO-A plays in maintaining a balance of various neurotransmitters in the digestive and central nervous system, as well as its production of ROS, an imbalance of MAO-A may result in any of several diseases. For example, postpartum depression is a moderate to severe form of depression that occurs as the result of an excess of MAO-A in the brain that some women experience after childbirth, often referred to as the baby blues [http://www.mpg.de].In research conducted by Julia Sacher of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, it was concluded that the levels of MAO-A in women with postpartum depression are about 40% greater than those of average women. [[Image:Postpardam_depression_maoa.jpg|thumb|right|”Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET) of a depressive patient without medication (left) with elevated monoamine-oxidase-A-levels (green, yellow, red) and after a six-week-treatment with the monoamine-oxidase-A-inhibitor moclobemid (right)” (Sacher et al).]]


 
Brunner's syndrome (BRUNS) is a disease associated with a mutation in the MAOA gene that results in a deficiency of MAO-A and as a result causes mind mental retardation and aggressive behavior in males. Females heterzygotes for this mutation exhibit no mental retardation or aggressive behavior [https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/MAOA#conditions].
Brunner's syndrome (BRUNS) is a disease associated with a mutation in the MAOA gene that results in a deficiency of MAO-A and as a result causes mind mental retardation and aggressive behavior in males. Females heterzygotes for this mutation exhibit no mental retardation or aggressive behavior.
Many other diseases and disorders are associated with mutations in the MAOA gene, such as: Alzheimer's disease, bipolar affective disorder, antisocial behavior, major depressive disorder, and ADHD.