Reverse transcriptase: Difference between revisions
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<StructureSection load='3jvt' size='340' side='right' caption='HIV-1 reverse transcriptase P66 subunit (grey) and P51 subunit (green) complex with DNA, GMP derivative, ATP derivative, sulfate and Mg+2 ion (green) [[1ru3]]' scene=''> | |||
[[Image:1hmv1.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of unliganded HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase, [[1hmv]]]] | [[Image:1hmv1.png|left|200px|thumb|Crystal Structure of unliganded HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase, [[1hmv]]]] | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
[[Reverse transcriptase]] (RT) or '''RNA-dependent DNA polymerase''' transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded [[DNA]]. HIV-1 RT is from the human immunodeficiency virus and is a heterodimer of P66 and P51 subchains. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative RT structure, ''i.e.'' crystal structure of HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase ([[1hmv]]). P15 is its RNAse H domain. There are two types of inhibitors for RT: NNRTIs are the non-nucleoside inhibitors, and NRTIs are the nucleoide inhibitors. Being the protein that gives their name to Retroviruses, Reverse Transcriptase is, along with [[Hiv protease|Protease]] and Integrase, the most important part of the protein system involved in the process of infection and reproduction for viruses like HIV, MuLV and AMV. RT has the unusual property of transcribing ssRNA into dsDNA going against the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. | [[Reverse transcriptase]] (RT) or '''RNA-dependent DNA polymerase''' transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded [[DNA]]. HIV-1 RT is from the human immunodeficiency virus and is a heterodimer of P66 and P51 subchains. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative RT structure, ''i.e.'' crystal structure of HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase ([[1hmv]]). P15 is its RNAse H domain. There are two types of inhibitors for RT: NNRTIs are the non-nucleoside inhibitors, and NRTIs are the nucleoide inhibitors. Being the protein that gives their name to Retroviruses, Reverse Transcriptase is, along with [[Hiv protease|Protease]] and Integrase, the most important part of the protein system involved in the process of infection and reproduction for viruses like HIV, MuLV and AMV. RT has the unusual property of transcribing ssRNA into dsDNA going against the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology. | ||
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One of the principal issues about this protein compared to usual DNA polymerase (besides to the similarity with the Klenow fragment), is the lack of a correction mechanism (usually made by DNA PolIII in the [[User:Karl E. Zahn/RB69 DNA polymerase (GP43)|DNA Polymerase]]); this deficiency increases the number of errors, producing more mutations and therefore giving more facultative and resistance ability to the virus. | One of the principal issues about this protein compared to usual DNA polymerase (besides to the similarity with the Klenow fragment), is the lack of a correction mechanism (usually made by DNA PolIII in the [[User:Karl E. Zahn/RB69 DNA polymerase (GP43)|DNA Polymerase]]); this deficiency increases the number of errors, producing more mutations and therefore giving more facultative and resistance ability to the virus. | ||
{{Clear}} | {{Clear}} | ||
</StructureSection> | |||
== 3D Structures of Reverse transcriptase == | == 3D Structures of Reverse transcriptase == | ||
