Reverse transcriptase: Difference between revisions

<StructureSection load='3dlk' size='340' side='right' caption='HIV-1 reverse transcriptase P66 subunit (grey) and P51 subunit (green) complex with sulfate [[3dlk]]' scene=''>

==Introduction==

[[Reverse transcriptase]] (RT) or '''RNA-dependent DNA polymerase''' transcribes single-stranded RNA into double-stranded [[DNA]].  HIV-1 RT is from the human immunodeficiency virus and is a heterodimer of P66 and P51 subchains. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative RT structure, ''i.e.'' crystal structure of HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase ([[1hmv]]).  P15 is its RNAse H domain. There are two types of inhibitors for RT: NNRTIs are the non-nucleoside inhibitors, and NRTIs are the nucleoide inhibitors. Being the protein that gives their name to Retroviruses, Reverse Transcriptase is, along with [[Hiv protease|Protease]] and Integrase, the most important part of the protein system involved in the process of infection and reproduction for viruses like HIV, MuLV and AMV. RT has the unusual property of transcribing ssRNA into dsDNA going against the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology.

**[[3dlk]], [[1hmv]] - P66/P51<br />

**[[3qip]] - P66/P51+NNRTI nevirapine + RNase H inhibitor<br />  

**[[3lp0]], [[3lp1]], [[3lp2]], [[1vrt]], [[3hvt]] - P66/P51+NNRTI nevirapine<br />  

**[[3dya]], [[3e01]], [[3drp]] - P66/P51+NNRTI pyrazole<br />

**[[3drr]], [[3drs]] - P66/P51 (mutant)+NNRTI pyrazole<br />

**[[3kk1]], [[1c1b]], [[1rti]], [[4kv8]] - P66/P51+ inhibitor<br />

**[[2ynf]], [[2yng]], [[2ynf]], [[2yng]], [[4kko]], [[4lsl]], [[4lsn]], [[4mfb]], [[4o44]], [[4o4g]] - P66/P51 (mutant) + NNRTI <br />

**[[1jla]] - P66/P51 (mutant)+ NRTI<br />

**[[3ig1]] - P66/P51+ inhibitor beta-thujaplicinol<br />

**[[1tv6]] - P66/P51+ pyridine derivative<br />

**[[1jlc]], [[1iky]], [[1eet]] - P66/P51(mutant)+ pyridine derivative<br />

**[[5cym]], [[5cyq]] - P66/P51 (mutant) + pyrazole derivative<br />

**[[2b5j]], [[2ban]], [[2be2]], [[1rth]] - P66/P51+ pyridone derivative<br />

**[[1lw2]], [[1rt3]] - P66/P51 (mutant)+ NRTI<br />

**[[1tkt]], [[1tkx]], [[1tkz]], [[1tl1]], [[1tl3]] - P66/P51+ quinoline derivative<br />

**[[3kjv]], [[3kk3]], [[1r0a]], [[1n5y]], [[1n6q]], [[1hys]], [[5d3g]], [[5i3u]] - P66/P51+DNA<br />  

**[[4r5p]], [[5j2n]], [[5txo]], [[5txp]] - P66/P51 (mutant) + nucleotide + DNA<br />

**[[3v81]] - P66/P51 (mutant)+DNA + NNRTI<br />

**[[1hvu]] - P66/P51+RNA<br />  

**[[4pqu]] - P66/P51 (mutant) + dATP + RNA + DNA<br />

**[[4puo]], [[4pwd]], [[4q0b]] - P66/P51 (mutant) + nevirapine + RNA + DNA<br />

**[[1t03]], [[1t05]] - P66/P51+DNA+Fab+NRTI<br />

**[[5t82]] - P66 thumb domain - NMR<br />

**[[1rdh]], [[1hrh]], [[5dzm]] – P15<br />

**[[3lp3]] – P15+inhibitor MK3<br />

* Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase  

**[[2hb5]] - MmlvRT residues 618-791<br />

**[[1nnd]] - MmlvRT catalytic domain (mutant)<br />

**[[2r2s]], [[2r2u]] - MmlvRT catalytic domain +DNA+Co Bleomycin<br />

**[[1ztt]] - MmlvRT catalytic domain +DNA+netropsin<br />

**[[5dmq]], [[5dmr]] - MmlvRT + ERF1<br />

**[[3v1o]], [[3v1q]] – RNAse H domain<br />

**[[3v1r]] – RNAse H domain + inhibitor<br />

**[[4hkq]] – RT residues 658-1328 (mutant) + DNA + RNA<br />

*Reverse transcriptase from telomerase

**[[2b2a]] - TtRT telomerase catalytic subunit (mutant) - ''Tetrahymena thermophila''<br />

**[[2r4g]] - TtRT telomerase catalytic subunit<br />

**[[5c9h]] - TtRT catalytic subunit + DNA<br />

**[[3du6]], [[3du5]] - TcRT telomerase catalytic subunit - ''Tribolium castaneum''<br />

**[[5ugw]] - hRT thumb domain<br />

**[[5cqg]] - RT + inhibitor - red flour beetle<br />

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