Sandbox RDE-1: Difference between revisions

[[Image:RDE-1 Proposed Fxn.png|300px||left|thumb|Proposed RNAi pathway for exogenous trigger dsRNA in C. elegans.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDE-1#/media/File:Exogenous_RNAi_Pathway_in_C._elegans,_edited.svg</ref>]] RDE-1 is not required for the initial processing of the trigger RNA into siRNAs in RNAi, but it is required in the effector step.<ref>PMID: 11680844</ref> The trigger dsRNA is bound by RDE-4 onto a '''Dicer''' complex and this complex cleaves the dsRNA into 21-25nt primary siRNA. The siRNA binds to RDE-1 promoting the formation of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and RDE-1 shuttles the siRNA to that effector complex.<ref name=promo>DOI: 10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00793-6</ref><ref name=shuttle>PMID: 12110901</ref> The RNase H activity in PIWI domain in RDE-1 facilitates siRNA maturation, cleaving siRNA into a single stranded siRNA or guide RNA<ref name=cleave>DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1541</ref> while RISC is activated when ATP is added to the complex and utilized the guide RNA on RDE-1 to base pair with the target transcript.<ref name=shuttle/> The activation of RISC promotes the recruitment of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) which triggers the amplification of the secondary siRNAs to exhibit target transcript degradation.<ref>DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-75157-1_2</ref>