3gn4

Myosin lever arm

spinqualitylabelsall models 3gn4, resolution 2.70Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 3gn4 is a 6 chain structure with sequence from Drome and Pig. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: CA, MG Gene: MYO6 (PIG), Cam, CG8472 (DROME) Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Function [MYO6_PIG] Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Myosin 6 is a reverse-direction motor protein that moves towards the minus-end of actin filaments. Has slow rate of actin-activated ADP release due to weak ATP binding. Functions in a variety of intracellular processes such as vesicular membrane trafficking and cell migration. Required for the structural integrity of the Golgi apparatus via the p53-dependent pro-survival pathway. Appears to be involved in a very early step of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in polarized epithelial cells. May act as a regulator of F-actin dynamics. May play a role in transporting DAB2 from the plasma membrane to specific cellular targets. Required for structural integrity of inner ear hair cells (By similarity). [CALM_DROME] Calmodulin mediates the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels and other proteins by Ca(2+). Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-Ca(2+) complex are a number of protein kinases and phosphatases. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMed Myosin VI challenges the prevailing theory of how myosin motors move on actin: the lever arm hypothesis. While the reverse directionality and large powerstroke of myosin VI can be attributed to unusual properties of a subdomain of the motor (converter with a unique insert), these adaptations cannot account for the large step size on actin. Either the lever arm hypothesis needs modification, or myosin VI has some unique form of extension of its lever arm. We determined the structure of the region immediately distal to the lever arm of the motor and show that it is a three-helix bundle. Based on C-terminal truncations that display the normal range of step sizes on actin, CD, fluorescence studies, and a partial deletion of the bundle, we demonstrate that this bundle unfolds upon dimerization of two myosin VI monomers. This unconventional mechanism generates an extension of the lever arm of myosin VI. Myosin VI dimerization triggers an unfolding of a three-helix bundle in order to extend its reach.,Mukherjea M, Llinas P, Kim H, Travaglia M, Safer D, Menetrey J, Franzini-Armstrong C, Selvin PR, Houdusse A, Sweeney HL Mol Cell. 2009 Aug 14;35(3):305-15. Epub 2009 Aug 6. PMID:19664948 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Calmodulin Myosin

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