Sandbox Reserved 1491: Difference between revisions

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The sequence of the domain has been particularly preserved around OGA (when the protein is folded)<ref>http://consurf.tau.ac.il/fgij/fg.htm?mol=/temp/2XMLA_ConSurf_DB_pipe.pdb </ref>. Thus, the 3D structure has been very preserved as well, indicating that the structure around OGA is essential.

== ~~Epigenetic~~ ==

== Epigenetics ==

Specific enzymes are directly involved in the modification of genes expression without altering the nucleotide sequence. They can modify the chromatin structure by adding (writers), reading (readers) or removing (erasers) marks : ~~acetylation~~, ~~methylation~~, ~~phosphorylation~~, ~~ubiquitination~~, ~~sumoylation~~... These marks can either make the gene sequence more or less accessible depending on their nature, histones and labelled amino acids. All combinations of the nature and the localization of the marks form the histone code.

Specific enzymes are directly involved in the '''modification of genes expression''' without altering the nucleotide sequence. They can modify the chromatin structure by '''adding''' (writers), '''reading''' (readers) or '''removing''' (erasers) marks : acetyl, methyl, phosphoryl groups, ubiquitin<ref>Kupershmit, Ilana, Hanan Khoury-Haddad, Samah W. Awwad, Noga Guttmann-Raviv, and Nabieh Ayoub. “KDM4C (GASC1) Lysine Demethylase Is Associated with Mitotic Chromatin and Regulates Chromosome Segregation during Mitosis.” Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 10 (June 2, 2014): 6168–82. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku253.</ref>... These [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics epigenetic]marks can either make the gene sequence more or less accessible depending on their nature, histones and labelled amino acids. All combinations of the nature and the localization of the marks form the histone code.

KDM4C is a histone demethylase. This newly discovered class of proteins plays a central role in the histone modifications : it removes the methyl group (which is very stable) from the epigenetically modified amino acid. Its actions has directed consequences on gene expression. By removing repressive histone marks (H3K9me3 and H3K36me3) from target genes KDM4C promotes the formation of euchromatin and therefore transcriptional activation.

Sandbox Reserved 1491: Difference between revisions

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@@ Line 42: / Line 42: @@
 The sequence of the domain has been particularly preserved around OGA (when the protein is folded)<ref>http://consurf.tau.ac.il/fgij/fg.htm?mol=/temp/2XMLA_ConSurf_DB_pipe.pdb </ref>. Thus, the 3D structure has been very preserved as well, indicating that the structure around OGA is essential.
-== Epigenetic ==
+== Epigenetics ==
-Specific enzymes are directly involved in the modification of genes expression without altering the nucleotide sequence. They can modify the chromatin structure by adding (writers), reading (readers) or removing (erasers) marks : acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation... These marks can either make the gene sequence more or less accessible depending on their nature, histones and labelled amino acids. All combinations of the nature and the localization of the marks form the histone code.
+Specific enzymes are directly involved in the '''modification of genes expression''' without altering the nucleotide sequence. They can modify the chromatin structure by '''adding''' (writers), '''reading''' (readers) or '''removing''' (erasers) marks : acetyl, methyl, phosphoryl groups, ubiquitin<ref>Kupershmit, Ilana, Hanan Khoury-Haddad, Samah W. Awwad, Noga Guttmann-Raviv, and Nabieh Ayoub. “KDM4C (GASC1) Lysine Demethylase Is Associated with Mitotic Chromatin and Regulates Chromosome Segregation during Mitosis.” Nucleic Acids Research 42, no. 10 (June 2, 2014): 6168–82. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku253.</ref>... These [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics epigenetic]marks can either make the gene sequence more or less accessible depending on their nature, histones and labelled amino acids. All combinations of the nature and the localization of the marks form the histone code.
 KDM4C is a histone demethylase. This newly discovered class of proteins plays a central role in the histone modifications : it removes the methyl group (which is very stable) from the epigenetically modified amino acid. Its actions has directed consequences on gene expression. By removing repressive histone marks (H3K9me3 and H3K36me3) from target genes KDM4C promotes the formation of euchromatin and therefore transcriptional activation.