ABC transporter

spinqualitylabelsall models Arginine ABC transporter complex with arginine (PDB code 3tql) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters are ATP-dependent membrane proteins critical for most aspects of cell physiology, including the uptake of nutrients (importers) and elimination of waste products and energy generation (exporters) which are predominantly expressed in excretory organs, such as the liver, intestine, blood-brain barrier, blood-testes barrier, placenta, and kidney. There are many ABC Transporters in organisms, for instance, there are 28 in yeast, 58 in Caenorhabditis, 51 in Drosophila,129 in Arabadopsis,and the 69 ABC transporters in E. coli account for almost 5% of its genomic coding capacity. ABC transporter protein translocates substrates across membranes. It contains a Solute Binding Domain (SBD). CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator) translocates chloride and thiocyanate. It contains a nucleotide binding domain (NBD). In humans the ABC transporters are classified into subfamilies, i.e. ABCB6 is ABC subfamily B member 6. ABC Transporters have two main functionalities acting either as exporters or importers. ABC Exporters release bound drugs to the extracellular environment, while ABC Importers accept substrate molecules from their relevant substrate-binding proteins. For instance the Vitamin B12 transporter BtuCD (PDB 1l7v) is a binding protein-dependent ABC transporter system that uses the power of ATP hydrolysis to pump vitamin B12 into the cytoplasm of E. coli. For details of serotonin transporter see Serotonin Transporter For details of sugar transporter see Glut3, Sanbox glut3, Glucose transport protein and GLUT4 For details of urea transporter see Urea transporter For details of Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) see Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and CFTR (Hebrew) Structural highlights To achieve export, ABC transporters require a minimum of four domains. Two transmembrane domains (TMDs) form the ligand binding sites and provide specificity, and two NBDs bind and hydrolyze ATP to drive the trans-location of the bound ligand. The NBDs, but not the TMDs, are homologous throughout the family and have several characteristic motifs including the Walker A (GxxGxGKST) and B (ILLDEAT) motifs common to many nucleotide binding proteins and others like the ABC signature, stacking aromatic D, H, and Q loops, which are unique to the family. Active site of Arginine ABC transporter complex with arginine (PDB code 3tql). Water molecules are shown as red spheres. Disease There are currently 50 known ABC transporters in human. Of these there are 13 genetic diseases known to be associated with 14 of them. Among the diseases are cystic fibrosis, Stargardt disease, age-related macular degeneration and others. Mutations in CFTR lead to Cystic Fibrosis. ABC Exporters use ATP to drive import and export functions providing multidrug resistance. In eukaryoles, for instance, ABC Transporters are problematic because they export therapeutic drugs such as those used in chemotherapy regimens, which must be changed frequently to avoid the rejection of the drugs.

3D Structures of ABC transporter

Updated on 24-February-2019

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• ABC amino acids transporters
  • Arginine ABC transporter
    • Transporters - CpABC arginine transporter, soluble domain – Chlamydia pneumoniae
      
    • 1l7v - CbABC arginine transporter + arginine – Coxiella burnetii
      
    • Serotonin Transporter - GsABC amino acids transporter (mutant)+arginine - Geobacillus stearothermophilus
      
    • Glut3 - ABC arginine transporter – Chlamydia trachomatis
      
    • Sanbox glut3 - SpABC amino acid transporter + arginine - Streptococcus pneumoniae
      
  • Glucose transport protein - TmABC amino acid transporter – Thermotoga maritima
    
  • GLUT4, Urea transporter - TmABC amino acid transporter + arginine
    
  • Branched amino acid ABC transporter
    • Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) - TtABC branched amino acids transporter (mutant)+valine – Thermus thermophilus
      
    • CFTR (Hebrew) - SpABC branched-chain amino acids transporter
      
    • 3tql, 1g6h, 1gaj - ABC branched-chain amino acids transporter – Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
      
    • 3td9 - TmABC branched-chain amino acids transporter + phenylalanine
      
    • 3i09, 3n0w - ABC branched amino acids transporter – Burkholderia mallei
      
    • 3ip7 – AtABC valine transporter
      
    • 3ipc – AtABC leucine transporter
      
  • Lysine ABC transporter
    • 3k4u - ABC transporter + lysine – Wolinella succinogenes
      
    • 3i6v - SpABC amino acids transporter + lysine – Silicibacter pomeroyi
      
    • 2pvu - GsABC amino acids transporter (mutant)+lysine
      
  • Histidine ABC transporter
    • 2q2c - GsABC amino acids transporter (mutant)+histidine
      
  • Glutamine ABC transporter
    • 4kpt, 4kr5, 4la9 - LlABC glutamine transporter – Lactococcus lactis
      
    • 4kqp - LlABC glutamine transporter + glutamine
      
  • Methionine ABC transporter
    • 2qsw - EfABC methionine transporter C-terminal – Enterococcus faecalis
      
    • 3ced - SaABC methionine transporter NIL domain - Staphylococcus aureus
      
    • 3tqw - CbABC methionine transporter + methionine
      
    • 3dhw - EcABC methionine transporter
      
    • 3dhx - EcABC methionine transporter C2 domain
      
    • 2qrr - ABC methionine transporter soluble domain - Vibrio parahaemolyticus
      
  • Alanine ABC transporter
    • 3ip5, 3ipa – AtABC alanine transporter – Agrobacterium tumefaciens
      
  • Proline ABC transporter
    • 3ip6 – AtABC proline transporter
      
    • 3tmg - BbABC proline transporter – Borrelia burgdorferi
      
  • Polar amino acid ABC transporter
    • 3hv1 - ABC polar amino acids transporter SBD – Streptococcus thermophilus
      
  • 4yms - CsABC polar amino acid transporter – Caldanaerobacter subterraneus
    
  • 4ymv - CsABC polar amino acid transporter + ATP
    
  • Unspecified amino acid ABC transporter
    • 3c41 - GsABC amino acids transporter +AMP-PNP
      
    • 3c4j - GsABC amino acids transporter +ATPgS
      
    • 2olj - EcABC amino acid transporter+ADP/Mg – Escherichia coli
      
    • 2olk - EcABC amino acid transporter+ADP-beta-S
      
    • 2ouk - EcABC amino acid transporter+sulfate
      
    • 3o6p - EfABC amino acids transporter
      
    • 3ip9 – AtABC amino acid transporter+GABA
      
  • 4z9n - ABC amino acid transporter+ glutathione – Brucella ovis
    
  • 6gpm, 6gpd - TmABC amino acid transporter
    
  • Cationic amino acid ABC transporter
    • 2m8c - EcABC amino acids transporter
      
  • Oligopeptide ABC transporter
    • 3i5o, 1vr5 - TmABC oligopeptides transporter
      
    • 4gl8 - BbABC oligopeptide transporter + peptide
      
    • 4ikv, 4ikw - GkABC oligopeptides transporter – Geobacillus kaustophilus
      
    • 4ikx, 4iky - GkABC oligopeptides transporter (mutant)
      
    • 4ikz - GkABC oligopeptides transporter (mutant) + alafosfalin
      
    • 2d5w - TtABC oligopeptide transporter + peptide
      
    • 4gf8, 4gfr - VcABC oligopeptide transporter – Vibrio cholera
      
    • 5yqw - ABC oligopeptide transporter – Vibrio harveyi
      
  • 6npo - ABC oligopeptide transporter + peptide – Bacillus anthracis
    
• ABC sugar transporters
  • 2vk2 - EcABC galactofuranose transporter +galactofuranose
    
  • 2w7y - SpABC sugar transporter+A-trisaccaride – Streptococcus pneumoniae
    
  • 2i58 - SpABC sugar transporter+raffinose
    
  • 2hq0, 2heu, 2hfb - SpABC sugar transporter
    
  • 3g1w - BhABC sugar transporter – Bacillus halodurans
    
  • 2z8d - BlABC lacto-N-biose transporter SBD+lacto-N-biose – Bifidobacterium longum
    
  • 2z8e - BlABC lacto-N-biose transporter SBD+galacto-N-biose
    
  • 2z8f - BlABC lacto-N-biose transporter SBD+lacto-N-tetraose
    
  • 3c6q - TmABC sugar transporter (mutant)+beta-xylopyranose
    
  • 2yyz, 2qvc, 2h3h, 2hpg, 2ghb - TmABC sugar transporter
    
  • 2fn9 - TmABC sugar transporter (mutant)
    
  • 2o7i - TmABC sugar transporter+cellobiose
    
  • 2gha, 2fnc - TmABC sugar transporter+maltotriose
    
  • 2fn8 - TmABC sugar transporter+ribose
    
  • 4qse - AfABC sugar transporter – Agrobacterium fabrum
    
  • 4qrz - AfABC sugar transporter+maltotriose
    
  • 4qsc - AfABC sugar transporter+maltose
    
  • 4qsd - AfABC sugar transporter+sucrose
    
  • 1vci, 1v43 - PhABC sugar transporter – Pyrococcus horikoshii
    
  • 1oxx, 1oxs, 1oxt, 1oxu, 1oxv - ABC glucose transporter (mutant) – Sulfolobus solfataricus
    
  • 3l49 - RsABC ribose transporter – Rhodobacter sphaeroides
    
  • 4joq - RsABC ribose transporter (mutant)
    
  • 3rot - ABC sugar transporter – Legionella pneumophila
    
  • 4kvf - ABC rhamnose transporter – Kribbella flavida
    
  • 4rxt - ArABC sugar transporter+ arabinose – Agrobacterium radiobacter
    
  • 5iai - ArABC sugar transporter+ ribitol
    
  • 5xpj - PpABC sugar transporter – Pseudomonas putida
    
  • 5dvj, 5dvi, 5dvf - PpABC sugar transporter+ monosaccharide
    
• ABC maltose transporter see Maltose-binding protein
• ABC metal transporters
  • ABC metal transporters
    • 3hh8 - ABC metal transporter – Streptococcus pyogenes
      
  • ABC cobalt transporters
    • 3gfo - ABC cobalt transporter – Clostridium perfringens
      
  • ABC nickel transporters
    • 3t66 - BhABC nickel transporter (mutant)
      
    • 4ino - HpABC nickel transporter (mutant) – Helicobacter pylori
      
    • 4ls3 - HpABC nickel transporter + Ni
      
    • 4inp - HpABC nickel transporter (mutant) + Ni
      
  • ABC tungsten transporters
    • 3lr1 - ABC tungstate transporter – Geobacter sulfurreducens
      
    • 2onk - AfABC molybdate/tungstate transporter+Mo/W binding protein – Archaeoglobus fulgidus
      
    • 2onr - AfABC molybdate/tungstate transporter+Mo
      
    • 2ons - AfABC molybdate/tungstate transporter+W
      
    • 4rxl - VcABC molybdate transporter + W
      
  • ABC iron transporters
    • 3lhs, 3li2 - SaABC OpuAC ferrichrome transporter fragment+Staphyloferrin A
      
    • 3mwf, 3mwg - SaABC siderophore transporter +Staphyloferrin B
      
    • 3g9q, 3hxp - BsABC ferrichrome transporter
      
    • 3be5, 3be6 - EcABC iron transporter
      
    • 2etv - TmABC iron transporter
      
    • 4h59, 4hmo, 4hmp, 4jcc - SpABC iron transporter
      
    • 4hmq - SpABC iron transporter + ferrichrome
      
  • ABC molybdenum transporters
    • 3d31 - MaABC sulfate/molybdate transporter – Methanosarcina acetivorans
      
    • 3cfx - MaABC sulfate/molybdate transporter + WO4
      
    • 3cfz - MjABC sulfate/molybdate transporter + WO4
      
    • 3cg1 - ABC sulfate/molybdate transporter + WO4 – Pyrococcus furiosus
      
    • 3cg3 - PhABC sulfate/molybdate transporter + WO4
      
  • ABC zinc transporters
    • 2ogw - EcABC zinc transporter
      
    • 2xh8 - SeABC zinc transporter (mutant) – Salmonella enterica
      
    • 2xqv - SeABC zinc transporter + Zn
      
    • 2xy4 - SeABC zinc transporter
      
    • 2ov3, 2ov1, 1pq4 - SsABC zinc transporter – Synechocystis
      
• ABC multidrug transporters
  • 2onj - SaABC multidrug transporter+AMP-PNP
    
  • 2hyd - SaABC multidrug transporter
    
  • 1mv5 - LlABC multidrug transporter ATP binding domain
• ABC choline transporters
  • 3hcq - SmABC choline transporter (mutant) – Sinorhizobium meliloti
    
  • 2rin - SmABC choline transporter (mutant)+acetylcholine
    
  • 2reg - SmABC choline transporter (mutant)+choline
    
  • 2rej, 2rf1 - SmABC choline transporter (mutant)
    
  • 3o66 – SaABC choline transporter
• ABC α-hemolysin transporters
  • 2pmk - EcABC α-hemolysin transporter NBD+TNP-ADP
    
  • 2ff7 - EcABC α-hemolysin transporter NBD+ADP
    
  • 2ffa, 2ffb - EcABC α-hemolysin transporter (mutant) NBD+ADP
    
  • 2fgj, 2fgk, 1xef - EcABC α-hemolysin transporter NBD (mutant)+ATP
    
  • 3b5j - EcABC α-hemolysin transporter (mutant) NBD+TNP-ADP
    
• ABC various compounds transporters
  • 2v84 - ABC spermidine/putrescine transporter – Treponema pallidum
    
  • 4eqb - SpABC spermidine/putrescine transporter
    
  • 2qi9 - EcABC vitamin B12 transporter+BtuD+BtuF
    
  • 1l7v - EcABC vitamin B12 transporter+BtuD
    
  • 3p7i, 3qk6, 3quj, 3s4u – EcABC alkylphosphonate transporter PHND + aminoethyl phosphonic acid
    
  • 1twy - VcABC phosphate transporter
    
  • 4n13 - BbABC phosphate transporter (mutant)
    
  • 3l6g, 3l6h – LlABC OpuAC betaine transporter SBD
    
  • 2zzv - TtABC solute transporter+lactate+Ca
    
  • 2zzw - TtABC solute transporter+lactate+Zn
    
  • 2zzx - TtABC solute transporter+lactate
    
  • 3gfv - BsABC petrobactin transporter – Bacillus subtilis
    
  • 3bk7 – ABC ATP-binding – Pyrococcus abyssi
    
  • 3ppn - BsABC multiple solute transporter
    
  • 3ppo, 3ppp, 3ppq, 3ppr - BsABC multiple solute transporter + solute
    
  • 3hn0 – ABC NO3 transporter – Parabacteroides distasonis
    
  • 3rlb - LlABC vitamin B1 transporter + thiamin
    
  • 4dve - LlABC biotin transporter + biotin
    
  • 3uif – ABC sulfonate transporter – Methylobacillus flagellates
    
  • 4mfi – ABC glycerol phosphate transporter – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    
  • 2q6h – AaABC serotonin transporter - Aquifex aeolicus
    
  • 6an7, 6an5, 6amx – AaABC O-antigen polysaccharide transporter
    
  • 6hnp – ABC O-antigen polysaccharide transporter – Raoultella ornithinolytica
    
• hABC transporters subfamilies
  • 3nh6 – hABCB6 NBD
    
  • 3nhb – hABCB6 NBD+ADP
    
  • 3nh9 – hABCB6 NBD+ATP
    
  • 3nha – hABCB6 NBD+ATP+Mg
• ABC unspecified transporters
  • 3lvu - SpABC transporter SBD
    
  • 2ihy - SaABC transporter ATPase subunit
    
  • 4k3v - SaABC transporter
    
  • 3eaf - ABC transporter SBD – Aeropyrum pernix
    
  • 3c9h - AtABC transporter – Agrobacterium tumefaciens
    
  • 1vpl, 1ji0, 4q7k - TmABC transporter
    
  • 2pcj, 2pcl - AaABC transporter
    
  • 3rpw - ABC transporter – Rhodopseudomonas palustris
    
  • 4ayt, 3zdq, 4ayt, 4ayw, 4ayx - hABC transporter B 10
    
  • 4g68 – ABC transporter - Caldanaerobius
    
  • 4wwh – ABC transporter + galactose – Mycobacterium smegmatis
    
• Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
  • 3gd7 – hCFTR/malK+N6-phenylethyl-ATP
    
  • 2pze, 2pzf, 2pzg – hCFTR NBD1
    
  • 2bbo, 2bbs, 2bbt - hCFTR NBD1 (mutant)
    
  • 1xmi, 2xmj, 1xmj - hCFTR NBD1 (mutant)+ATP
    
  • 1xf9, 2xfa, 1xfa - mCFTR NBD1 (mutant) - mouse
    
  • 1q3h - mCFTR NBD1+AMPPNP
    
  • 1r0w - mCFTR NBD1
    
  • 1r0x, 1r0z, 1r10 - mCFTR NBD1+ATP
    
  • 1r0y - mCFTR NBD1+ADP
    
  • 1ckw, 1ckx, 1cky, 1ckz – CFTR F508 region - NMR

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