Cellulose: Difference between revisions

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Longer chains of beta 1,4 linked glucoses are found in cellulose. When cellulose is synthesized, these chains are made individually (cellulose chain during <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/2'>biosynthesis</scene>). Again, the linkages are all of the beta 1,4 type (<jmol><jmolLink><script> select *.C1; selectionHalos ON; delay 0.5;selectionHalos OFF;</script><text>☼</text></jmolLink> </jmol>). In this structure, monomers are added to polymer chain inside the cell and secreted through the membrane, surrounded by the <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/4'>enzyme</scene> throughout.

Once secreted, individual cellulose chains aggregate to from semi-crystalline cellulose ~~microfibrils~~. There are multiple forms of cellulose (I alpha and beta, II, III) which differ in the orientation and the detailed interactions between linear polymers. A <scene name='82/824000/~~Contacts~~/2'>~~model of a~~ cellulose type I beta ~~microfibril~~</scene> shows how inter-chain hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions lead to a highly ordered structure. The model was made using cellulose builder (http://cces-sw.iqm.unicamp.br/cces/admin/cellulose, <ref>PMID:10932243</ref>) and is based on a fiber-diffraction study by Nishiyama et al <ref>DOI:10.1021/ja0257319</ref>.

Once secreted, individual cellulose chains aggregate to from semi-crystalline cellulose micro-fibrils. There are multiple forms of cellulose (I alpha and beta, II, III) which differ in the orientation and the detailed interactions between linear polymers. A model of a <scene name='82/824000/Block/1'>cellulose type I beta micro-fibril</scene> shows how <scene name='82/824000/Single/1'>inter-chain hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions</scene> lead to a highly ordered structure. The model was made using cellulose builder (http://cces-sw.iqm.unicamp.br/cces/admin/cellulose, <ref>PMID:10932243</ref>) and is based on a fiber-diffraction study by Nishiyama et al <ref>DOI:10.1021/ja0257319</ref>. The <scene name='82/824000/Chain/1'>individual chains</scene> of cellulose form <scene name='82/824000/Chain/2'>layers</scene>, and multiple layers stack to form a 3D structure without any gaps.

Cellulose: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 10:36, 24 August 2019 view source Karsten Theis (talk \| contribs) Editor, Macro, Print3D 4,602 edits No edit summary ← Older edit		Revision as of 15:00, 24 August 2019 view source Karsten Theis (talk \| contribs) Editor, Macro, Print3D 4,602 edits No edit summary Newer edit →
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	Longer chains of beta 1,4 linked glucoses are found in cellulose. When cellulose is synthesized, these chains are made individually (cellulose chain during <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/2'>biosynthesis</scene>). Again, the linkages are all of the beta 1,4 type (<jmol><jmolLink><script> select *.C1; selectionHalos ON; delay 0.5;selectionHalos OFF;</script><text>☼</text></jmolLink> </jmol>). In this structure, monomers are added to polymer chain inside the cell and secreted through the membrane, surrounded by the <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/4'>enzyme</scene> throughout.		Longer chains of beta 1,4 linked glucoses are found in cellulose. When cellulose is synthesized, these chains are made individually (cellulose chain during <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/2'>biosynthesis</scene>). Again, the linkages are all of the beta 1,4 type (<jmol><jmolLink><script> select *.C1; selectionHalos ON; delay 0.5;selectionHalos OFF;</script><text>☼</text></jmolLink> </jmol>). In this structure, monomers are added to polymer chain inside the cell and secreted through the membrane, surrounded by the <scene name='82/824000/Cellulose/4'>enzyme</scene> throughout.

	Once secreted, individual cellulose chains aggregate to from semi-crystalline cellulose ~~microfibrils~~. There are multiple forms of cellulose (I alpha and beta, II, III) which differ in the orientation and the detailed interactions between linear polymers. A <scene name='82/824000/~~Contacts~~/2'>~~model of a~~ cellulose type I beta ~~microfibril~~</scene> shows how inter-chain hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions lead to a highly ordered structure. The model was made using cellulose builder (http://cces-sw.iqm.unicamp.br/cces/admin/cellulose, <ref>PMID:10932243</ref>) and is based on a fiber-diffraction study by Nishiyama et al <ref>DOI:10.1021/ja0257319</ref>.		Once secreted, individual cellulose chains aggregate to from semi-crystalline cellulose micro-fibrils. There are multiple forms of cellulose (I alpha and beta, II, III) which differ in the orientation and the detailed interactions between linear polymers. A model of a <scene name='82/824000/Block/1'>cellulose type I beta micro-fibril</scene> shows how <scene name='82/824000/Single/1'>inter-chain hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions</scene> lead to a highly ordered structure. The model was made using cellulose builder (http://cces-sw.iqm.unicamp.br/cces/admin/cellulose, <ref>PMID:10932243</ref>) and is based on a fiber-diffraction study by Nishiyama et al <ref>DOI:10.1021/ja0257319</ref>. The <scene name='82/824000/Chain/1'>individual chains</scene> of cellulose form <scene name='82/824000/Chain/2'>layers</scene>, and multiple layers stack to form a 3D structure without any gaps.