Sandbox TYRP1: Difference between revisions

Human Tyrosinase related protein 1 is encoded by the TYRP1 gene, which is located on the chromosome 9p23.  The protein is expressed in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanosome melanosomes] and on the surface of melanocytes and melanoma cells. TYRP1 protein is synthesized in the nucleus of melanosomes thanks to a signaling sequence. Then, it will be translated by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome ribosomes]and the protein will be directly transported in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum endoplasmic reticulum]. Then it will be transported through the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golgi_apparatus Golgi] to a specific organelles called melanosomes, where pigments are synthesized. During its maturation, TYRP1 is glycosylated in asparagine in positions 96; 104; 181; 304; 350 and 395. The sorting in the trans-Golgi and transport of the TYRP1 protein to melanosome is dependant of several proteins such as the {{:Phosphoinositide_3-Kinases}}, the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UMX9 membrane associated transporter protein] (MATP) and the [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8TF64 GAIP interacting protein] (GIPC). The final TYRP1 protein is 537 amino-acids long. TYRP1 is transported to the membrane by the biogenesis of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenesis_of_lysosome-related_organelles_complex_1 lysosome-related organelles complex 1] (BLOC-1) (wikipedia). The amino-terminal domain will be oriented in the lumen of the melanosome, and the carboxy terminal domain in the cytoplasm of the melanocyte. TYRP1 is found only in the membrane of mature stage III and IV melanosomes.