2cw6

Crystal Structure of Human HMG-CoA Lyase: Insights into Catalysis and the Molecular Basis for Hydroxymethylglutaric Aciduria

spinqualitylabelsall models 2cw6, resolution 2.10Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 2cw6 is a 6 chain structure with sequence from Human. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: 3HG, MG Activity: Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase, with EC number 4.1.3.4 Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease [HMGCL_HUMAN] Defects in HMGCL are the cause of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency (HMGCLD) [MIM:246450]; also known as hydroxymethylglutaricaciduria or HL deficiency. An autosomal recessive disease affecting ketogenesis and L-leucine catabolism. The disease usually appears in the first year of life after a fasting period and its clinical acute symptoms include vomiting, seizures, metabolic acidosis, hypoketotic hypoglycemia and lethargy. These symptoms sometimes progress to coma, with fatal outcome in some cases. Function [HMGCL_HUMAN] Key enzyme in ketogenesis (ketone body formation). Terminal step in leucine catabolism. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMed 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) lyase is a key enzyme in the ketogenic pathway that supplies metabolic fuel to extrahepatic tissues. Enzyme deficiency may be due to a variety of human mutations and can be fatal. Diminished activity has been explained based on analyses of recombinant human mutant proteins or, more recently, in the context of structural models for the enzyme. We report the experimental determination of a crystal structure at 2.1 A resolution of the recombinant human mitochondrial HMG-CoA lyase containing a bound activator cation and the dicarboxylic acid 3-hydroxyglutarate. The enzyme adopts a (betaalpha)(8) barrel fold, and the N-terminal barrel end is occluded. The structure of a physiologically relevant dimer suggests that substrate access to the active site involves binding across the cavity located at the C-terminal end of the barrel. An alternative hypothesis that involves substrate insertion through a pore proposed to extend through the barrel is not compatible with the observed structure. The activator cation ligands included Asn(275), Asp(42),His(233), and His(235); the latter three residues had been implicated previously as contributing to metal binding or enzyme activity. Arg(41), previously shown to have a major effect on catalytic efficiency, is also located at the active site. In the observed structure, this residue interacts with a carboxyl group of 3-hydroxyglutarate, the hydrolysis product of the competitive inhibitor 3-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA required for crystallization of human enzyme. The structure provides a rationale for the decrease in enzyme activity due to clinical mutations, including H233R, R41Q, D42H, and D204N, that compromise active site function or enzyme stability. Crystal structure of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Lyase: insights into catalysis and the molecular basis for hydroxymethylglutaric aciduria.,Fu Z, Runquist JA, Forouhar F, Hussain M, Hunt JF, Miziorko HM, Kim JJ J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 17;281(11):7526-32. Epub 2005 Dec 5. PMID:16330550 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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