User:Fujr Ibrahim/Sandbox 1: Difference between revisions

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== <h4><span style="color: #800020;"> Miraculin-Like Proteins (MLPs) </span></h4> ==
== <h4><span style="color: #800020;"> Miraculin-Like Proteins (MLPs) </span></h4> ==


Several miraculin-like proteins (MLPs) have been identified and are classified as
Several miraculin-like proteins (MLPs) have been identified and are classified as “miraculin-like” based on amino-acid sequence alignment with that of miraculin. MLPs and miraculin are categorized into the Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) family. Features common to the Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) family include the presence of disulfide bridges --which are apparent in miraculin models-- and the inhibition of trypsin and chymotrypsin. Examples include MLPs extracted from Murraya koenigii and Vitis vinifera plants.  
“miraculin-like” based on amino-acid sequence alignment with that of miraculin. MLPs and
Since atomic-level structural data of miraculin is not available to date, A miraculin-like protein (MLP) homologous to miraculin extracted from Murraya koenigii will be used for protein visualization purposes.
miraculin are categorized into the Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) family. Features
This MLP consists of 190 amino acid residues with seven cysteines arranged in three disulfide bridges and has a mass of 21.4kDa. Crystal structure analysis in figures 2a and 2b shows that the protein is composed of antiparallel beta-strands, loops that connect the beta-strands, and 4 helix turns (fig2b). Figure 2a shows that are 6 disulfide bridges that hold the monomers together in a manner similar to that between monomers in miraculin.
common to the Kunitz-type soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) family include the presence of
Another MLP that will be used for protein visualization is that extracted from Vitis vinifera. MLP from grape (Vitis vinifera) exhibits significant homology to miraculin (61% identity). This colorless protein has not been found to display any taste-modifying properties <ref>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.08.009 </ref>. Analysis of this MLP’s crystal structure in figues 3a and 3b shows the presence of sulfide bridges in pairs almost parallel to another --suggesting binding properties--, a helix turn between loops, and numerous antiparallel beta-sheets.
disulfide bridges --which are apparent in miraculin models-- and the inhibition of trypsin and
The overall structure of the two MLPs discussed and miraculin’s predicted model appears to be very similar. All three seem to consist of very loosely packed loops, beta-sheets, and disulfide bridges.
chymotrypsin. Examples include MLPs extracted from ''Murraya koenigii'' and ''Vitis vinifera'' plants.
 
Since atomic-level structural data of miraculin is not available to date, a miraculin-like protein
(MLP) homologous to miraculin extracted from ''Murraya koenigii'' will be used for protein
visualization purposes.


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== <h4><span style ="color: #800020;"> Other Proteins with Function Similar to Miraculin </span></h4> ==
== <h4><span style ="color: #800020;"> Other Proteins with Function Similar to Miraculin </span></h4> ==
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to enhance the tongue’s response to sweet taste by more than 100 fold <ref>
to enhance the tongue’s response to sweet taste by more than 100 fold <ref>
https://doi.org/10.1159/000059716 </ref>.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000059716 </ref>.
'''Fig2a.'''[[Image:Fig 2a fujr.jpg]]
'''Fig2b.''' [[Image:Fig 2b fujr.jpg]]
'''Spheres in fig 2a represent disulfides. In figure 2b, the color red represents a helix turn, green represents a loop, and yellow represents a beta-sheet.'''
'''Fig3a.''' [[Image:Fig 3a fujr.jpg]]
'''Fig3b.''' [[Image:Fig 3b fujr.jpg]]
'''Spheres in fig 3a represent disulfides. In figure 3b, the color red represents a helix turn, green represents a loop, and yellow represents a beta-sheet.'''




== References ==
== References ==
<references/>
<references/>
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