Sandbox Reserved 1660: Difference between revisions

Line 26:

The ligands that can be presented by CD1d to NKT or other CD1d-restricted T cells are very specific. Only a narrow set of molecules can bind its recognition site. Thus, it limits the risk of other similar molecules or binding CD1d proteins and ensures that the immune response is accurate. Among these molecules are included glycolipids from a marine sponge, bacterial glycolipids, normal endogenous glycolipids, tumor-derived phospholipids and glycolipids, and nonlipidic molecules<ref>Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.

The ligands that can be presented by CD1d to NKT or other CD1d-restricted T cells are very specific. Only a narrow set of molecules can bind its recognition site. Thus, it limits the risk of other similar molecules or binding CD1d proteins and ensures that the immune response is accurate. Among these molecules are included glycolipids from a marine sponge, bacterial glycolipids, normal endogenous glycolipids, tumor-derived phospholipids and glycolipids, and nonlipidic molecules<ref name="Immunity">Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.

Line 65:

The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections<ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref>Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.

The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref name="Immunity"/><ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>.

The presence of high amount of CD1d proteins on the cell surface of NKT cells gives rise to a novel type of NKT cells. This larger amount of CD1d proteins allows the Cd1d high NKT cells to bind more alpha-galactosylceramide molecules and therefore to can produce greater levels of interleukin-4 and INF-gamma molecules leading to possible therapeutical effects.

The presence of high amount of CD1d proteins on the cell surface of NKT cells gives rise to a novel type of NKT cells. This larger amount of CD1d proteins allows the Cd1d high NKT cells to bind more alpha-galactosylceramide molecules and therefore to can produce greater levels of interleukin-4 and INF-gamma molecules leading to possible therapeutical effects<ref>Rossjohn, J., Pellicci, D. G., Patel, O., Gapin, L., & Godfrey, D. I. (2012). Recognition of CD1d-restricted antigens by natural killer T cells. Nature reviews. Immunology, 12(12), 845–857. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3328</ref>.

Sandbox Reserved 1660: Difference between revisions

Navigation menu

Page actions

Page actions

Personal tools

Navigation

Search

Tools

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 <p align="justify">
-The ligands that can be presented by CD1d to NKT or other CD1d-restricted T cells are very specific. Only a narrow set of molecules can bind its recognition site. Thus, it limits the risk of other similar molecules or binding CD1d proteins and ensures that the immune response is accurate. Among these molecules are included glycolipids from a marine sponge, bacterial glycolipids, normal endogenous glycolipids, tumor-derived phospholipids and glycolipids, and nonlipidic molecules<ref>Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.
+The ligands that can be presented by CD1d to NKT or other CD1d-restricted T cells are very specific. Only a narrow set of molecules can bind its recognition site. Thus, it limits the risk of other similar molecules or binding CD1d proteins and ensures that the immune response is accurate. Among these molecules are included glycolipids from a marine sponge, bacterial glycolipids, normal endogenous glycolipids, tumor-derived phospholipids and glycolipids, and nonlipidic molecules<ref name="Immunity">Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.
 </p>
@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
 <p align="justify">
-The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections<ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref>Brutkiewicz, R. R. CD1d Ligands: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. The Journal of Immunology 2006, 177 (2), 769–775. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.769.</ref>.
+The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref name="Immunity"/><ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>.
 </p>
 <p align="justify">
-The presence of high amount of CD1d proteins on the cell surface of NKT cells gives rise to a novel type of NKT cells. This larger amount of CD1d proteins allows the Cd1d high NKT cells to bind more alpha-galactosylceramide molecules and therefore to can produce greater levels of interleukin-4 and INF-gamma molecules leading to possible therapeutical effects.
+The presence of high amount of CD1d proteins on the cell surface of NKT cells gives rise to a novel type of NKT cells. This larger amount of CD1d proteins allows the Cd1d high NKT cells to bind more alpha-galactosylceramide molecules and therefore to can produce greater levels of interleukin-4 and INF-gamma molecules leading to possible therapeutical effects<ref>Rossjohn, J., Pellicci, D. G., Patel, O., Gapin, L., & Godfrey, D. I. (2012). Recognition of CD1d-restricted antigens by natural killer T cells. Nature reviews. Immunology, 12(12), 845–857. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3328</ref>.
 </p>