Sandbox Reserved 1661: Difference between revisions
From Proteopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
Anaïs Kembou (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Anaïs Kembou (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
GH can be regulated by various factors. The hypothalamus secretes hormones, like the GH releasing factor (GHR) or hormone (GHRH) which can stimulate the pituitary cells and activate different signal transduction cascades. On the other hand, it produces the hormone Somatostatin (SS) which inhibits the GH secretion by blocking the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenylyl_cyclase adenylate cyclase (AC)]. However, not the GH expression. It can also prevent the release of GHRH fom the hypthalamus. In addition, can be inhibited by feedback regulation. It stimulates the steroid and thyroid synthesis which migrate back and inhibit GH. Other regulating factors are environmental influences and the nutritional state. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ] | GH can be regulated by various factors. The hypothalamus secretes hormones, like the GH releasing factor (GHR) or hormone (GHRH) which can stimulate the pituitary cells and activate different signal transduction cascades. On the other hand, it produces the hormone Somatostatin (SS) which inhibits the GH secretion by blocking the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenylyl_cyclase adenylate cyclase (AC)]. However, not the GH expression. It can also prevent the release of GHRH fom the hypthalamus. In addition, can be inhibited by feedback regulation. It stimulates the steroid and thyroid synthesis which migrate back and inhibit GH. Other regulating factors are environmental influences and the nutritional state. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ] | ||
<StructureSection load='1HGU' size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='Somatotropin : Growth Hormon([[HGH]])' > | <StructureSection load='1HGU' size='350' side='right' scene='' caption='Somatotropin : Growth Hormon ([[HGH]])' > | ||
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
Somatotropin has three major isoforms. The predominant form is composed out of 191 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 22 kDa. | Somatotropin has three major isoforms. The predominant form is composed out of 191 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 22 kDa. | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
The hormone-binding extracellular domain consists of 250 amino acids, including several cysteine residues which are conserved and can form disulphide bridges.The intracellular domain of the receptor is made up of 350 amino acids, it represents the least conserved region and is made up of 10 tyrosine residues likely to be phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_kinase_2 JAK2]), during the formation of the GH-receptor complex. A reaction cascade involving kinase enzymes is then activated, allowing the expression of certain genes coding for proteins or not, necessary for biological activity [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ]. It therefore controls the expression of certain genes such as the gene coding for the IGF-1 factor. The liver and adipose tissue being important targets for GH, it therefore contributes to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis#:~:text=The%20neuroendocrine%20system%20is%20the,hypothalamic%20interconnections%20to%20other%20glands. metabolic homeostasis].<ref name="m/s"/> [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ] The intercellular domain containing of two box regions. The proline rich first one and an acidic, hydrophobic second one which is connected to receptor internalizing mechanisms [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ]. | The hormone-binding extracellular domain consists of 250 amino acids, including several cysteine residues which are conserved and can form disulphide bridges.The intracellular domain of the receptor is made up of 350 amino acids, it represents the least conserved region and is made up of 10 tyrosine residues likely to be phosphorylated by tyrosine kinase ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_kinase_2 JAK2]), during the formation of the GH-receptor complex. A reaction cascade involving kinase enzymes is then activated, allowing the expression of certain genes coding for proteins or not, necessary for biological activity [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ]. It therefore controls the expression of certain genes such as the gene coding for the IGF-1 factor. The liver and adipose tissue being important targets for GH, it therefore contributes to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeostasis#:~:text=The%20neuroendocrine%20system%20is%20the,hypothalamic%20interconnections%20to%20other%20glands. metabolic homeostasis].<ref name="m/s"/> [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ] The intercellular domain containing of two box regions. The proline rich first one and an acidic, hydrophobic second one which is connected to receptor internalizing mechanisms [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.028 ]. | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
