Neurosteroids: Difference between revisions
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<StructureSection load='5o8f' size='340' side='right' caption='Structure of a chimaeric beta3-alpha5 GABAA receptor in complex with pregnanolone (based on [[5o8f]]) scene='89/896619/Cv/3'> | <StructureSection load='5o8f' size='340' side='right' caption='Structure of a chimaeric beta3-alpha5 GABAA receptor in complex with pregnanolone (based on [[5o8f]]) scene='89/896619/Cv/3'> | ||
Neurosteroids, also known as neuroactive steroids, are endogenous or exogenous steroids that rapidly alter neuronal excitability through interaction with ligand-gated ion channels and other cell surface receptors. | Neurosteroids, also known as neuroactive steroids, are endogenous or exogenous steroids that rapidly alter neuronal excitability through interaction with ligand-gated ion channels and other cell surface receptors. | ||
'''Inhibitory neurosteroids''' | |||
These neurosteroids exert inhibitory actions on neurotransmission. They act as positive allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor (especially δ subunit-containing isoforms), and possess, in no particular order, antidepressant, anxiolytic, stress-reducing, rewarding,[10] prosocial,[11] antiaggressive,[12] prosexual,[11] sedative, pro-sleep,[13] cognitive and memory-impairing,[citation needed] analgesic,[14] anesthetic, anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, and neurogenic effects.[3] | |||
Major examples include tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), the androstane 3α-androstanediol, the cholestane cholesterol and the pregnanes pregnanolone (eltanolone), allopregnanolone (3α,5α-THP).[15][16] | |||
'''Excitatory neurosteroids''' | '''Excitatory neurosteroids''' | ||
