Sandbox Reserved 1660: Difference between revisions

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The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant against [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref name="affinity"/><ref name="Immunity"/><ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>.
The presentation of many of ligands can have immunopotentiating effects, such as serving as an adjuvant in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria malaria] vaccine or resulting in a more rapid clearance of certain [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus virus] infections. They can also be protective in autoimmune diseases or cancer<ref name="affinity"/><ref name="Immunity"/><ref>Sköld, M.; Behar, S. M. Role of CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells in Microbial Immunity. Infect Immun 2003, 71 (10), 5447–5455. https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.71.10.5447-5455.2003.</ref>.
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The presence of high amount of CD1d proteins on the cell surface of NKT cells gives rise to a novel type of NKT cells. This larger amount of CD1d proteins allows the Cd1d high NKT cells to bind more alpha-galactosylceramide molecules and therefore to can produce greater levels of interleukin-4 and INF-gamma molecules leading to possible therapeutical effects<ref name="affinity"/>.
The orientation of the immune pathway (Th1 or Th2) due to the cytokines secretion by NKT cells is dependant of the affinity of the ligand for CD1 molecule. The design of agonists with a higher or lower affinity for CD1 could also leads to therapeutic effects, due to the possibility of specifically directing the immune response towards the Th1 or Th2 pathway <ref name="site"/> <ref> Kishi J, Inuki S, Hirata N, Kashiwabara E, Yoshidome D, Ichihara O, Fujimoto Y. Structure-activity relationship studies of Bz amide-containing α-GalCer derivatives as natural killer T cell modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2019 Apr 15;29(8):970-973. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.018. Epub 2019 Feb 18. PMID: 30824201.</ref>.
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