Sandbox Reserved 1650: Difference between revisions
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=== Post-translational modifications === | === Post-translational modifications === | ||
TG also undergoes N-glycosylations in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum | TG also undergoes N-glycosylations in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum endoplasmic reticulum] at <scene name='86/868183/Glycosylation_sites/1'>17 glycosylation sites</scene>, so that 10% of its molecular weight is carbohydrate. TG also undergoes maturation steps in this organelle, where it acquires dilsufide-bonds. These modifications enhance its stability and solubility. Indeed, the two monomers are linked not by covalent interactions but via numerous interactions allowed by these N-glycosylations. | ||
=== Folding === | === Folding === | ||
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Since serum <scene name='86/868183/Tg/3'>TG</scene> levels are correlated with the volume of thyroid tissue, we can also estimate the mass of thyroid tissue to detect '''hyperthyroidism''', a disease related to an enlarged thyroid or, conversely, '''hypothyroidism'''. | Since serum <scene name='86/868183/Tg/3'>TG</scene> levels are correlated with the volume of thyroid tissue, we can also estimate the mass of thyroid tissue to detect '''hyperthyroidism''', a disease related to an enlarged thyroid or, conversely, '''hypothyroidism'''. | ||
For example, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroidectomy | For example, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroidectomy thyroidectomy] and a iodine-131 therapy can be performed to cure thyroid cancer with an 80% chance. Following removal and iodine-131 therapy, thyroglobulin is this time produced by malignant thyrocytes. As a result, its blood level is indistinguishable from that of a healthy person. <ref>PMID: 762873</ref><ref>DOI 21649472</ref> | ||
But in case of recurrence and persistence of cancer, its level can increase again. Thyroglobulin therefore always serves as a tumor marker allowing us to estimate the risk of recurrence (>2ng/ml) or persistence (>1ng/ml) or remission.<ref>DOI 10.1677/ERC-10-0292</ref> | But in case of recurrence and persistence of cancer, its level can increase again. Thyroglobulin therefore always serves as a tumor marker allowing us to estimate the risk of recurrence (>2ng/ml) or persistence (>1ng/ml) or remission.<ref>DOI 10.1677/ERC-10-0292</ref> | ||
