Sandbox Reserved 1701: Difference between revisions
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=== Clinical Relevance === | === Clinical Relevance === | ||
[[Image:Screen Shot 2022-04-162 at 2.42.15 PM.png|400px|right|thumb|'''Figure 11.'''Schematic representation of cellular response]] | |||
Some cells in the human body that express the MRGPRX2 receptor include mast cells in the skin, intestines, and trachea <ref name= "Porebski">PMID: 30619367</ref>. Mast cells are involved in allergic responses by their release of histamine or other inflammatory chemicals in the body. <ref name="McNeil">PMID: 25517090</ref> These responses induce common allergic reaction and anaphylaxis symptoms, such as cutaneous itching sensations or airway constriction | Some cells in the human body that express the MRGPRX2 receptor include mast cells in the skin, intestines, and trachea <ref name= "Porebski">PMID: 30619367</ref>. Mast cells are involved in allergic responses by their release of histamine or other inflammatory chemicals in the body. <ref name="McNeil">PMID: 25517090</ref> These responses induce common allergic reaction and anaphylaxis symptoms, such as cutaneous itching sensations or airway constriction | ||
<ref name= "Cao" /><ref name= "Yang" /><ref name="McNeil">PMID: 25517090</ref>. Mast cells can be activated by either antibodies in the human immune response or upon ligands binding to their MRGPRX2 receptors <ref name= "McNeil" />. Ligands that bind to MRGPRX2 in the natural environment to produce an allergic response include some contents of insect venom, molecules like C48/80 or other polycationic molecules. They can also respond to endogenous signaling molecules involved in inflammation pathways and immune responses such as cytokines, anaphylatoxins, or neuropeptides <ref name= "Porebski" />. Binding to MRGPRX2 triggers an intracellular signaling pathway that eventually leads to mast cells releasing their contents containing histamine, cytokines, or other inflammatory molecules that may go on to trigger the itching sensation <ref name= "Cao" /> <ref name= "Yang" />. | <ref name= "Cao" /><ref name= "Yang" /><ref name="McNeil">PMID: 25517090</ref>. Mast cells can be activated by either antibodies in the human immune response or upon ligands binding to their MRGPRX2 receptors <ref name= "McNeil" />. Ligands that bind to MRGPRX2 in the natural environment to produce an allergic response include some contents of insect venom, molecules like C48/80 or other polycationic molecules. They can also respond to endogenous signaling molecules involved in inflammation pathways and immune responses such as cytokines, anaphylatoxins, or neuropeptides <ref name= "Porebski" />. Binding to MRGPRX2 triggers an intracellular signaling pathway that eventually leads to mast cells releasing their contents containing histamine, cytokines, or other inflammatory molecules that may go on to trigger the itching sensation <ref name= "Cao" /> <ref name= "Yang" />. | ||
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Because of how some drugs initiate an unwanted itch response, | Because of how some drugs initiate an unwanted itch response, | ||
MRGPRX2 has been identified as a potential target for drugs either involved in the inflammatory response or to mediate drugs from causing an unwanted reaction such as [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Atracurium#section=2D-Structure Atracurium], [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/441290 Rocuronium], [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2764 Ciprofloxacin], and [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/149096 Levofloxacin]<ref name="Navines-Ferrer">PMID:30072729</ref>. These drugs have similarly charged regions which may interact with sub-pockets 1 and/or 2. By binding these target drugs, MRGPRX2 can elicit or prevent a response to aid with itch-related side effects. | MRGPRX2 has been identified as a potential target for drugs either involved in the inflammatory response or to mediate drugs from causing an unwanted reaction such as [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Atracurium#section=2D-Structure Atracurium], [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/441290 Rocuronium], [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2764 Ciprofloxacin], and [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/149096 Levofloxacin]<ref name="Navines-Ferrer">PMID:30072729</ref>. These drugs have similarly charged regions which may interact with sub-pockets 1 and/or 2. By binding these target drugs, MRGPRX2 can elicit or prevent a response to aid with itch-related side effects. | ||
== 3D Structures == | == 3D Structures == | ||
