Sandbox Reserved 1725: Difference between revisions

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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_K Vitamin K] is essential for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation#Coagulation_cascade blood clotting] in the body<ref name="Stafford">PMID:16102054</ref>. The fully reduced form, KH2, is used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_carboxylase#:~:text=Gamma-glutamyl%20carboxylase%20is%20an%20enzyme%20that%20catalyzes%20the,of%20the%20encoded%20enzyme%20is%20essential%20for%20hemostasis gamma-glutamyl carboxylase] to carboxylate protein-bound glutamate residues in blood clotting cofactor precursors <ref name="Blanchard">PMID:6165889</ref>. After carboxylation, the clotting cofactors (such as [https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Thrombin prothrombin]) can bind to calcium and can proceed to the coagulation cascade <ref name="Swanson">PMID:6758841</ref>. During this process, KH2 becomes oxidized to Vitamin K epoxide, or KO <ref name="Blanchard">PMID:6165889</ref>. Vitamin K epoxide reductase, abbreviated VKOR, turns the epoxide back to the fully reduced form so the reduced form can be used again. This transformation happens in two steps: 1) converting the epoxide to the partially oxidized Vitamin K quinone and 2) converting the quinone to the fully reduced hydroquinone (KH2) (Figure 1) <ref name="Stafford">PMID:16102054</ref>.

[[Image:~~vkor_crop~~.~~png~~|200 px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2. VKOR in Membrane''' Transmembrane helices are teal. The tan sections are the loops (loop 1, beta hairpin, cap loop, 3-4 loop). The cap helix is light blue and the anchor is dark blue.]]

[[Image:VKOR_in_membrane.jpg|200 px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2. VKOR in Membrane''' Transmembrane helices are teal. The tan sections are the loops (loop 1, beta hairpin, cap loop, 3-4 loop). The cap helix is light blue and the anchor is dark blue.]]

=== Structural Overview ===

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 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_K Vitamin K] is essential for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation#Coagulation_cascade blood clotting] in the body<ref name="Stafford">PMID:16102054</ref>. The fully reduced form, KH2, is used by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_carboxylase#:~:text=Gamma-glutamyl%20carboxylase%20is%20an%20enzyme%20that%20catalyzes%20the,of%20the%20encoded%20enzyme%20is%20essential%20for%20hemostasis gamma-glutamyl carboxylase] to carboxylate protein-bound glutamate residues in blood clotting cofactor precursors <ref name="Blanchard">PMID:6165889</ref>. After carboxylation, the clotting cofactors (such as [https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Thrombin prothrombin]) can bind to calcium and can proceed to the coagulation cascade <ref name="Swanson">PMID:6758841</ref>. During this process, KH2 becomes oxidized to Vitamin K epoxide, or KO <ref name="Blanchard">PMID:6165889</ref>. Vitamin K epoxide reductase, abbreviated VKOR, turns the epoxide back to the fully reduced form so the reduced form can be used again. This transformation happens in two steps: 1) converting the epoxide to the partially oxidized Vitamin K quinone and 2) converting the quinone to the fully reduced hydroquinone (KH2) (Figure 1) <ref name="Stafford">PMID:16102054</ref>.
-[[Image:vkor_crop.png|200 px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2. VKOR in Membrane''' Transmembrane helices are teal. The tan sections are the loops (loop 1, beta hairpin, cap loop, 3-4 loop). The cap helix is light blue and the anchor is dark blue.]]
+[[Image:VKOR_in_membrane.jpg|200 px|right|thumb|'''Figure 2. VKOR in Membrane''' Transmembrane helices are teal. The tan sections are the loops (loop 1, beta hairpin, cap loop, 3-4 loop). The cap helix is light blue and the anchor is dark blue.]]
 === Structural Overview ===