4gln

Crystal Structure of Chemically Synthesized Heterochiral {D-Protein Antagonist plus VEGF-A} Protein Complex in space group P21/n

spinqualitylabelsall models 4gln, resolution 1.60Å Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 4gln is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens and Synthetic construct. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: DAL, DAS, DGL, DIL, DLE, DLY, DPN, DSG, DSN, DTH, DTR, DTY, DVA Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease VEGFA_HUMAN Defects in VEGFA are a cause of susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 1 (MVCD1) [MIM:603933. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Function VEGFA_HUMAN Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Publication Abstract from PubMed Total chemical synthesis was used to prepare the mirror image (D-protein) form of the angiogenic protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A). Phage display against D-VEGF-A was used to screen designed libraries based on a unique small protein scaffold in order to identify a high affinity ligand. Chemically synthesized D- and L- forms of the protein ligand showed reciprocal chiral specificity in surface plasmon resonance binding experiments: The L-protein ligand bound only to D-VEGF-A, whereas the D-protein ligand bound only to L-VEGF-A. The D-protein ligand, but not the L-protein ligand, inhibited the binding of natural VEGF(165) to the VEGFR1 receptor. Racemic protein crystallography was used to determine the high resolution X-ray structure of the heterochiral complex consisting of {D-protein antagonist + L-protein form of VEGF-A}. Crystallization of a racemic mixture of these synthetic proteins in appropriate stoichiometry gave a racemic protein complex of more than 73 kDa containing six synthetic protein molecules. The structure of the complex was determined to a resolution of 1.6 A. Detailed analysis of the interaction between the D-protein antagonist and the VEGF-A protein molecule showed that the binding interface comprised a contact surface area of approximately 800 A(2) in accord with our design objectives, and that the D-protein antagonist binds to the same region of VEGF-A that interacts with VEGFR1-domain 2. Chemical synthesis and X-ray structure of a heterochiral {D-protein antagonist plus vascular endothelial growth factor} protein complex by racemic crystallography.,Mandal K, Uppalapati M, Ault-Riche D, Kenney J, Lowitz J, Sidhu SS, Kent SB Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 11;109(37):14779-84. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1210483109. Epub 2012 Aug 27. PMID:22927390 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also VEGF 3D Structures

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