Androgen receptor: Difference between revisions

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Aging and other factors are associated with a reduction of testosterone levels which could lead to late onset hypogonadism <ref name="hypogonadism">PMID: 32737921</ref>. The decrease of the T levels and therefore its active metabolite levels (DHT) are related with several symptoms such as low libido, erectile dysfunction, skeletal muscular loss <ref name="NR" /><ref name="hypogonadism" />, increased cardiovascular risk <ref name="hypogonadism" />, etc. To treat those symptoms is used Testosterone Restitution Therapy (TRT) which has been associated with the improvement in sexual function and the increase in muscle mass and bone mineral density <ref name="Testosterone">PMID: 34888506</ref>.
Aging and other factors are associated with a reduction of testosterone levels which could lead to late onset hypogonadism <ref name="hypogonadism">PMID: 32737921</ref>. The decrease of the T levels and therefore its active metabolite levels (DHT) are related with several symptoms such as low libido, erectile dysfunction, skeletal muscular loss <ref name="NR" /><ref name="hypogonadism" />, increased cardiovascular risk <ref name="hypogonadism" />, etc. To treat those symptoms is used Testosterone Restitution Therapy (TRT) which has been associated with the improvement in sexual function and the increase in muscle mass and bone mineral density <ref name="Testosterone">PMID: 34888506</ref>.


One of the problems associated with the use of T as a therapeutic agent in TRT is the delivery method, tending to have low efficacy orally administered <ref name="NR" /><ref name="SARMs therapy" />, and having some inconvenients with intramuscular injections or implants <ref name="NR" />. Also, the use of this hormone as a treatment could triggered a lot of AR widespread around the body. Long-term exposures to a high dose could lead to related side effects like erythrocytosis <ref name="NR" /><ref name="SARMs therapy" />, dyslipidemia, hepatotoxicity <ref name="SARMs therapy" /> and an increase in cardiovascular risk <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />.
One of the problems associated with the use of T as a therapeutic agent in TRT is the delivery method, tending to have low efficacy orally administered <ref name="NR" /><ref name="SARMs therapy" />, and having some inconvenients with intramuscular injections or implants <ref name="NR" />. Also, the use of this hormone as a treatment could triggered a lot of AR activity widespread around the body. Long-term exposures to a high dose could lead to related side effects like erythrocytosis <ref name="NR" /><ref name="SARMs therapy" />, dyslipidemia, hepatotoxicity <ref name="SARMs therapy" /> and an increase in cardiovascular risk <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />.


Due to all these problems, some institutions like the FDA warn about the safety issues related with this therapy assessing the reduction of its use <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />. However, other agencies like the EMA supported by the European Academy of Andrology establish the practical use of this therapy in men’s hypogonadism <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />. So, there is still some controversy about its use, and it’s still currently studied in clinical trials <ref name="Testosterone" />.
Due to all these problems, some institutions like the FDA warn about the safety issues related with this therapy assessing the reduction of its use <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />. However, other agencies like the EMA supported by the European Academy of Andrology establish the practical use of this therapy in men’s hypogonadism <ref name="hypogonadism" /><ref name="Testosterone" />. So, there is still some controversy about its use, and it’s still currently studied in clinical trials <ref name="Testosterone" />.