Sandbox Reserved 1776: Difference between revisions

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The enzyme requires 3 domains (SHOC-2(blue), PP1C(coral), and MRAS (green)) to form the active enzyme (SMP Complex), also known as a <scene name='95/952704/Smpcolored/1'>holoenzyme </scene> <Ref name='Hauseman'>Hauseman, Z.J., Fodor, M., Dhembi, A. et al. Structure of the MRAS–SHOC2–PP1C phosphatase complex. Nature 609, 416–423 (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1. DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1]. </Ref>. SHOC-2 is a scaffolding protein <scene name='95/952704/Shoc2_cradle/1'>scaffolding protein</scene> that holds the other subunits in the correct orientation, allowing for the holoenzyme to be functional. PP1C is a catalytic domain of a phosphatase enzyme PP1[https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Protein_phosphatase], which cleaves ____. MRAS is a GTPase protein and is located near (typically just below) the cell membrane. When MRAS binds GTP, it becomes active and triggers the assembly of the active holoenzyme<ref name="Hauseman" />. The SMP complex was determined via cryo-electron microscopy as well as x-ray diffraction. These studies found that PP1C and MRAS occupy the concave surface of SHOC2, leaving the catalytic site of PP1C and the substrate binding cleft in MRAS exposed.
The enzyme requires 3 domains (SHOC-2(blue), PP1C(coral), and MRAS (green)) to form the active enzyme (SMP Complex), also known as a <scene name='95/952704/Smpcolored/1'>holoenzyme </scene> <Ref name='Hauseman'>Hauseman, Z.J., Fodor, M., Dhembi, A. et al. Structure of the MRAS–SHOC2–PP1C phosphatase complex. Nature 609, 416–423 (2022). doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1. DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-05086-1]. </Ref>. SHOC-2 is a scaffolding protein <scene name='95/952704/Shoc2_cradle/1'>scaffolding protein</scene> that holds the other subunits in the correct orientation, allowing for the holoenzyme to be functional. PP1C is a catalytic domain of a phosphatase enzyme PP1[https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Protein_phosphatase], which cleaves ____. MRAS is a GTPase protein and is located near (typically just below) the cell membrane. When MRAS binds GTP, it becomes active and triggers the assembly of the active holoenzyme<ref name="Hauseman" />. The SMP complex was determined via cryo-electron microscopy as well as x-ray diffraction. These studies found that PP1C and MRAS occupy the concave surface of SHOC2, leaving the catalytic site of PP1C and the substrate binding cleft in MRAS exposed.


== Biological Function ==
== Sources ==
Liau <Ref name='Liau'>Liau, N.P.D., Johnson, M.C., Izadi, S. et al. Structural basis for SHOC2 modulation of RAS signalling. Nature 609, 400–407 (2022).doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04838-3. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04838-3. DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-04838-3]. </Ref>
 
Hauseman<ref name="Hauseman" />
 
Kwon <Ref name='Kwan'>Kwon, J.J., Hajian, B., Bian, Y. et al. Structure–function analysis of the SHOC2–MRAS–PP1C holophosphatase complex. Nature 609, 408–415 (2022).doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04928-2. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04928-2. DOI:10.1038/s41586-022-04928-2]. </Ref>
 
Lavoie <Ref name='Lavoie'>Lavoie, H., Therrien, M. Structural keys unlock RAS–MAPK cellular signalling pathway. Nature 609, 248-249 (2022). doi: 10.1038/d41586-022-02189-7. [https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-02189-7. DOI:10.1038/d41586-022-02189-7]. </Ref>


== Relevance ==
== Relevance ==
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