Sandbox Reserved 1771: Difference between revisions
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==Function== | ==Function== | ||
Once bound to an antigen, BCRs undergo a conformational change in the extracellular region. While the exact conformational change is still not known, | Once bound to an antigen, BCRs undergo a conformational change in the extracellular region. While the exact conformational change is still not known, preliminary studies suggest that there is separation of Fab fragments that opens the binding site within the BCR(ref). This initiates several signal transduction pathways, which are responsible for processing the antigen and initiating the appropriate immune responses. More specifically, the α-β subunit is connected to the phosphorylation of an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoreceptor_tyrosine-based_activation_motif immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif](ITAM) upon binding. This in turn triggers the activation of kinases downstream that aid in the immune response. BCRs can be oligomeric prior to antigen binding, but once bound become an active monomer. | ||
==Medical Relevancy== | ==Medical Relevancy== | ||
===B-cell Formation=== | ===B-cell Formation=== | ||
The formation of B-cells occurs in the bone marrow. | The formation of B-cells occurs in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells<ref name="Althwaiqeb">PMID: </ref>. Once formed, B-cell receptors are attached to B-cells through the aid of membrane-bound proteins in bone marrow cells. During this process, gene recombination occurs, which allows unique BCRs to become highly specific to different antigens. | ||
===Diseases=== | ===Diseases=== | ||
