5z9c

Solution NMR structures of BRD4 first bromodomain with small compound MMQO

spinqualitylabelsall models 5z9c Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Structural highlights 5z9c is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full experimental information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance. Ligands: MQO Resources: FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT Disease BRD4_HUMAN Note=A chromosomal aberration involving BRD4 is found in a rare, aggressive, and lethal carcinoma arising in midline organs of young people. Translocation t(15;19)(q14;p13) with NUT which produces a BRD4-NUT fusion protein. Function BRD4_HUMAN Plays a role in a process governing chromosomal dynamics during mitosis (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMed Upon HIV-1 infection, a reservoir of latently infected resting T cells prevents the eradication of the virus from patients. To achieve complete depletion, the existing virus-suppressing antiretroviral therapy must be combined with drugs that reactivate the dormant viruses. We previously described a novel chemical scaffold compound, MMQO (8-methoxy-6-methylquinolin-4-ol), that is able to reactivate viral transcription in several models of HIV latency, including J-Lat cells, through an unknown mechanism. MMQO potentiates the activity of known latency-reversing agents (LRAs) or "shock" drugs, such as protein kinase C (PKC) agonists or histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that MMQO activates HIV-1 independently of the Tat transactivator. Gene expression microarrays in Jurkat cells indicated that MMQO treatment results in robust immunosuppression, diminishes expression of c-Myc, and causes the dysregulation of acetylation-sensitive genes. These hallmarks indicated that MMQO mimics acetylated lysines of core histones and might function as a bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein family inhibitor (BETi). MMQO functionally mimics the effects of JQ1, a well-known BETi. We confirmed that MMQO interacts with the BET family protein BRD4. Utilizing MMQO and JQ1, we demonstrate how the inhibition of BRD4 targets a subset of latently integrated barcoded proviruses distinct from those targeted by HDAC inhibitors or PKC pathway agonists. Thus, the quinoline-based compound MMQO represents a new class of BET bromodomain inhibitors that, due to its minimalistic structure, holds promise for further optimization for increased affinity and specificity for distinct bromodomain family members and could potentially be of use against a variety of diseases, including HIV infection.IMPORTANCE The suggested "shock and kill" therapy aims to eradicate the latent functional proportion of HIV-1 proviruses in a patient. However, to this day, clinical studies investigating the "shocking" element of this strategy have proven it to be considerably more difficult than anticipated. While the proportion of intracellular viral RNA production and general plasma viral load have been shown to increase upon a shock regimen, the global viral reservoir remains unaffected, highlighting both the inefficiency of the treatments used and the gap in our understanding of viral reactivation in vivo Utilizing a new BRD4 inhibitor and barcoded HIV-1 minigenomes, we demonstrate that PKC pathway activators and HDAC and bromodomain inhibitors all target different subsets of proviral integration. Considering the fundamental differences of these compounds and the synergies displayed between them, we propose that the field should concentrate on investigating the development of combinatory shock cocktail therapies for improved reservoir reactivation. A New Quinoline BRD4 Inhibitor Targets a Distinct Latent HIV-1 Reservoir for Reactivation from Other "Shock" Drugs.,Abner E, Stoszko M, Zeng L, Chen HC, Izquierdo-Bouldstridge A, Konuma T, Zorita E, Fanunza E, Zhang Q, Mahmoudi T, Zhou MM, Filion GJ, Jordan A J Virol. 2018 Apr 27;92(10). pii: JVI.02056-17. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02056-17. Print , 2018 May 15. PMID:29343578 From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See Also Bromodomain-containing protein 3D structures

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