Acetazolamide: Difference between revisions
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H2CO3 ⇌ H2O + CO2 | H2CO3 ⇌ H2O + CO2 | ||
hence lowering blood pH, by means of the following reaction that carbonic acid undergoes:<ref name=" | hence lowering blood pH, by means of the following reaction that carbonic acid undergoes:<ref name="a27">Larsen D. [https://chem.libretexts.org/@api/deki/pages/2479/pdf?stylesheet=default&deep=false&showtoc=false "Carbonic Anhydrase 2".] UC Davis Chemwiki. University of California. Retrieved 10 April 2014.</ref> | ||
H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3− + H+ | H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3− + H+ | ||
which has a pKa of 6.3.[ | which has a pKa of 6.3.<ref name="a27">Larsen D. [https://chem.libretexts.org/@api/deki/pages/2479/pdf?stylesheet=default&deep=false&showtoc=false "Carbonic Anhydrase 2".] UC Davis Chemwiki. University of California. Retrieved 10 April 2014.</ref> | ||
The mechanism of diuresis involves the proximal tubule of the kidney. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase is found here, allowing the reabsorption of bicarbonate, sodium, and chloride. By inhibiting this enzyme, these ions are excreted, along with excess water, lowering blood pressure, intracranial pressure, and intraocular pressure. A general side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is loss of potassium due to this function. By excreting bicarbonate, the blood becomes acidic, causing compensatory hyperventilation with deep respiration (Kussmaul breathing), increasing levels of oxygen and decreasing levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.[22] | The mechanism of diuresis involves the proximal tubule of the kidney. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase is found here, allowing the reabsorption of bicarbonate, sodium, and chloride. By inhibiting this enzyme, these ions are excreted, along with excess water, lowering blood pressure, intracranial pressure, and intraocular pressure. A general side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is loss of potassium due to this function. By excreting bicarbonate, the blood becomes acidic, causing compensatory hyperventilation with deep respiration (Kussmaul breathing), increasing levels of oxygen and decreasing levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.[22] | ||
