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<StructureSection load='198l' size='340' side='right'caption='[[198l]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='198l' size='340' side='right'caption='[[198l]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[198l]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bpt4 Bpt4]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=198L OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=198L FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[198l]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_virus_T4 Escherichia virus T4]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=198L OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=198L FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BME:BETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL'>BME</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysozyme Lysozyme], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.17 3.2.1.17] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BME:BETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL'>BME</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=198l FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=198l OCA], [https://pdbe.org/198l PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=198l RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/198l PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=198l ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=198l FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=198l OCA], [https://pdbe.org/198l PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=198l RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/198l PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=198l ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LYS_BPT4 LYS_BPT4]] Helps to release the mature phage particles from the cell wall by breaking down the peptidoglycan.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENLYS_BPT4 ENLYS_BPT4] Endolysin with lysozyme activity that degrades host peptidoglycans and participates with the holin and spanin proteins in the sequential events which lead to the programmed host cell lysis releasing the mature viral particles. Once the holin has permeabilized the host cell membrane, the endolysin can reach the periplasm and break down the peptidoglycan layer.<ref>PMID:22389108</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=198l ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=198l ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Previous analysis of randomly generated multiple mutations within the core of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme suggested that the "large-to-small" substitution Leu121 to Ala (L121A) and the spatially adjacent "small-to-large" substitution Ala129 to Met (A129M) might be mutually compensating. To test this hypothesis, the individual variants L121A and A129M were generated, as well as the double "size-switch" mutant L121A/A129M. To make the interchange symmetrical, the combination of L121A with A129L to give L121A/A129L was also constructed. The single mutations were all destabilizing. Somewhat surprisingly, the small-to-large substitutions, which increase hydrophobic stabilization but can also introduce strain, were less deleterious than the large-to-small replacements. Both Ala129 --&gt; Leu and Ala129 --&gt; Met offset the destabilization of L121A by about 50%. Also, in contrast to typical Leu --&gt; Ala core substitutions, which destabilize by 2 to 5 kcal/mol, Leu121 --&gt; Ala slightly stabilized A129L and A129M. Crystal structure analysis showed that a combination of side-chain and backbone adjustments partially accommodated changes in side-chain volume, but only to a limited degree. For example, the cavity that was created by the Leu121 to Ala replacement actually became larger in L121A/A129L. The results demonstrate that the destabilization associated with a change in volume of one core residue can be specifically compensated by an offsetting volume change in an adjacent residue. It appears, however, that complete compensation is unlikely because it is difficult to reconstitute an equivalent set of interactions. The relatively slow evolution of core relative to surface residues appears, therefore, to be due to two factors. First, a mutation in a single core residue that results in a substantial change in size will normally lead to a significant loss in stability. Such mutations will presumably be selected against. Second, if a change in bulk does occur in a buried residue, it cannot normally be fully compensated by a mutation of an adjacent residue. Thus, the most probable response will tend to be reversion to the parent protein.
Thermodynamic and structural compensation in "size-switch" core repacking variants of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme.,Baldwin E, Xu J, Hajiseyedjavadi O, Baase WA, Matthews BW J Mol Biol. 1996 Jun 14;259(3):542-59. PMID:8676387<ref>PMID:8676387</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 198l" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
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__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bpt4]]
[[Category: Escherichia virus T4]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lysozyme]]
[[Category: Baldwin E]]
[[Category: Baldwin, E]]
[[Category: Hajiseyedjavadi O]]
[[Category: Hajiseyedjavadi, O]]
[[Category: Matthews BW]]
[[Category: Matthews, B W]]
[[Category: Xu J]]
[[Category: Xu, J]]
[[Category: Cavity]]
[[Category: Core-packing]]
[[Category: Protein stability]]

Latest revision as of 06:26, 7 February 2024

THERMODYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL COMPENSATION IN "SIZE-SWITCH" CORE-REPACKING VARIANTS OF T4 LYSOZYME

198l, resolution 2.00Å

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