5iu2: Difference between revisions

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== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5iu2]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5IU2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5IU2 FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5iu2]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5IU2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5IU2 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=6DA:N-[2-(MORPHOLIN-4-YL)ETHYL]-6-(8-PHENYL-1H-IMIDAZO[4,5-C][1,7]NAPHTHYRIDIN-1-YL)-1,3-BENZOTHIAZOL-2-AMINE'>6DA</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=6DA:N-[2-(MORPHOLIN-4-YL)ETHYL]-6-(8-PHENYL-1H-IMIDAZO[4,5-C][1,7]NAPHTHYRIDIN-1-YL)-1,3-BENZOTHIAZOL-2-AMINE'>6DA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5iu2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5iu2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5iu2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5iu2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5iu2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5iu2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5iu2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5iu2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5iu2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5iu2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5iu2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5iu2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_HUMAN M3K8_HUMAN] Required for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced, TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway in macrophages, thus being critical for production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (TNF) during immune responses. Involved in the regulation of T-helper cell differentiation and IFNG expression in T-cells. Involved in mediating host resistance to bacterial infection through negative regulation of type I interferon (IFN) production. In vitro, activates MAPK/ERK pathway in response to IL1 in an IRAK1-independent manner, leading to up-regulation of IL8 and CCL4. Transduces CD40 and TNFRSF1A signals that activate ERK in B-cells and macrophages, and thus may play a role in the regulation of immunoglobulin production. May also play a role in the transduction of TNF signals that activate JNK and NF-kappa-B in some cell types. In adipocytes, activates MAPK/ERK pathway in an IKBKB-dependent manner in response to IL1B and TNF, but not insulin, leading to induction of lipolysis. Plays a role in the cell cycle. Isoform 1 shows some transforming activity, although it is much weaker than that of the activated oncogenic variant.<ref>PMID:11342626</ref> <ref>PMID:12667451</ref> <ref>PMID:15169888</ref> <ref>PMID:16371247</ref> <ref>PMID:1833717</ref> <ref>PMID:19001140</ref> <ref>PMID:19754427</ref> <ref>PMID:19808894</ref>  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/M3K8_HUMAN M3K8_HUMAN] Required for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced, TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway in macrophages, thus being critical for production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (TNF) during immune responses. Involved in the regulation of T-helper cell differentiation and IFNG expression in T-cells. Involved in mediating host resistance to bacterial infection through negative regulation of type I interferon (IFN) production. In vitro, activates MAPK/ERK pathway in response to IL1 in an IRAK1-independent manner, leading to up-regulation of IL8 and CCL4. Transduces CD40 and TNFRSF1A signals that activate ERK in B-cells and macrophages, and thus may play a role in the regulation of immunoglobulin production. May also play a role in the transduction of TNF signals that activate JNK and NF-kappa-B in some cell types. In adipocytes, activates MAPK/ERK pathway in an IKBKB-dependent manner in response to IL1B and TNF, but not insulin, leading to induction of lipolysis. Plays a role in the cell cycle. Isoform 1 shows some transforming activity, although it is much weaker than that of the activated oncogenic variant.<ref>PMID:11342626</ref> <ref>PMID:12667451</ref> <ref>PMID:15169888</ref> <ref>PMID:16371247</ref> <ref>PMID:1833717</ref> <ref>PMID:19001140</ref> <ref>PMID:19754427</ref> <ref>PMID:19808894</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Cancer Osaka thyroid (COT) kinase is an important regulator of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Thus, pharmacologic inhibition of COT should be a valid approach to therapeutically intervene in the pathogenesis of macrophage-driven inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. We report the discovery and chemical optimization of a novel series of COT kinase inhibitors, with unprecedented nanomolar potency for the inhibition of TNFalpha. Pharmacological profiling in vivo revealed a high metabolism of these compounds in rats which was demonstrated to be predominantly attributed to aldehyde oxidase. Due to the very low activity of hepatic AO in the dog, the selected candidate 32 displayed significant blood exposure in dogs which resulted in a clear prevention of inflammation-driven lameness. Taken together, the described compounds both potently and selectively inhibit COT kinase in primary human cells and ameliorate inflammatory pathologies in vivo, supporting the notion that COT is an appropriate therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases.
Discovery of Imidazoquinolines as a Novel Class of Potent, Selective, and in Vivo Efficacious Cancer Osaka Thyroid (COT) Kinase Inhibitors.,Glatthar R, Stojanovic A, Troxler T, Mattes H, Mobitz H, Beerli R, Blanz J, Gassmann E, Druckes P, Fendrich G, Gutmann S, Martiny-Baron G, Spence F, Hornfeld J, Peel JE, Sparrer H J Med Chem. 2016 Aug 25;59(16):7544-60. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00598. Epub, 2016 Aug 17. PMID:27502541<ref>PMID:27502541</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5iu2" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
== References ==
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