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<StructureSection load='1ppi' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1ppi]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='1ppi' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1ppi]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1ppi]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig Pig]. The February 2006 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Alpha-amylase''  by David S. Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2006_2 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2006_2]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1PPI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1PPI FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1ppi]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa Sus scrofa]. The February 2006 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Alpha-amylase''  by David S. Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2006_2 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2006_2]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1PPI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1PPI FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BGC:BETA-D-GLUCOSE'>BGC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLC:ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE'>GLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DAF:4,6-DIDEOXY-4-{[(1S,5R,6S)-3-FORMYL-5,6-DIHYDROXY-4-OXOCYCLOHEX-2-EN-1-YL]AMINO}-ALPHA-D-XYLO-HEX-5-ENOPYRANOSE'>DAF</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-amylase Alpha-amylase], with EC number [https://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=3.2.1.1 3.2.1.1] </span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BGC:BETA-D-GLUCOSE'>BGC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DAF:4,6-DIDEOXY-4-{[(1S,5R,6S)-3-FORMYL-5,6-DIHYDROXY-4-OXOCYCLOHEX-2-EN-1-YL]AMINO}-ALPHA-D-XYLO-HEX-5-ENOPYRANOSE'>DAF</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GLC:ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE'>GLC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PRD_900001:alpha-maltose'>PRD_900001</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1ppi FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1ppi OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1ppi PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1ppi RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1ppi PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1ppi ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1ppi FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1ppi OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1ppi PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1ppi RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1ppi PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1ppi ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AMYP_PIG AMYP_PIG]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
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</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1ppi ConSurf].
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1ppi ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
An X-ray structure analysis of a crystal of pig pancreatic alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) that was soaked with acarbose (a pseudotetrasaccharide alpha-amylase inhibitor) showed electron density corresponding to five fully occupied subsites in the active site. The crystal structure was refined to an R-factor of 15.3%, with a root mean square deviation in bond distances of 0.015 A. The model includes all 496 residues of the enzyme, one calcium ion, one chloride ion, 393 water molecules, and five bound sugar rings. The pseudodisaccharide acarviosine that is the essential structural unit responsible for the activity of all inhibitors of the acarbose type was located at the catalytic center. The carboxylic oxygens of the catalytically competent residues Glu233 and Asp300 form hydrogen bonds with the "glycosidic" NH group of the acarviosine group. The third residue of the catalytic triad Asp197 is located on the opposite side of the inhibitor binding cleft with one of its carbonyl oxygens at a 3.3-A distance from the anomeric carbon C-1 of the inhibitor center. Binding of inhibitor induces structural changes at the active site of the enzyme. A loop region between residues 304 and 309 moves in toward the bound saccharide, the resulting maximal mainchain movement being 5 A for His305. The side chain of residue Asp300 rotates upon inhibitor binding and makes strong van der Waals contacts with the imidazole ring of His299. Four histidine residues (His101, His201, His299, and His305) are found to be hydrogen-bonded with the inhibitor. Many protein-inhibitor hydrogen bond interactions are observed in the complex structure, as is clear hydrophobic stacking of aromatic residues with the inhibitor surface. The chloride activator ion and structural calcium ion are hydrogen-bonded via their ligands and water molecules to the catalytic residues.
The active center of a mammalian alpha-amylase. Structure of the complex of a pancreatic alpha-amylase with a carbohydrate inhibitor refined to 2.2-A resolution.,Qian M, Haser R, Buisson G, Duee E, Payan F Biochemistry. 1994 May 24;33(20):6284-94. PMID:8193143<ref>PMID:8193143</ref>
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1ppi" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Amylase 3D structures|Amylase 3D structures]]
*[[Amylase 3D structures|Amylase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Alpha-amylase]]
[[Category: Alpha-amylase]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Pig]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: Haser, R]]
[[Category: Sus scrofa]]
[[Category: Payan, F]]
[[Category: Haser R]]
[[Category: Qian, M]]
[[Category: Payan F]]
[[Category: Qian M]]

Revision as of 05:57, 17 April 2024

THE ACTIVE CENTER OF A MAMMALIAN ALPHA-AMYLASE. THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMPLEX OF A PANCREATIC ALPHA-AMYLASE WITH A CARBOHYDRATE INHIBITOR REFINED TO 2.2 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION

1ppi, resolution 2.20Å

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