Engineered Protein Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Entry: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Illustration.png|400 px|right|thumb|Figure 1: The process of the SARS-CoV-2 virus entering human cells. Image created using BioRender.]]
[[Image:Illustration.png|400 px|right|thumb|Figure 1: The process of the SARS-CoV-2 virus entering human cells. Image created using BioRender.]]


SARS-CoV-2 better known as Covid-19 sent the world into a global pandemic due to its rapid [https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19 transmission and  infection]. In order to create a vaccine, it was essential to understand how SARS-CoV-2 infected us.  
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2], better known as Covid-19, sent the world into a global pandemic due to its rapid [https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19 transmission and  infection]. In order to create a vaccine, it was essential to understand how SARS-CoV-2 infected us.  


The enzyme [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme 2] <scene name='10/1077473/Ace2_monomer/1'>(ACE2)</scene> is attached to our cell membranes and then can be bound to a receptor binding domain <scene name='10/1077473/Ace2andrbd2/1'>(RBD)</scene> <ref name="Borkotoky">PMID:36562937</ref>. The virus, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV-2], enters our bodies containing a <scene name='10/1077473/Rbd_only/2'>spike protein</scene> protruding from the viral membrane. The RBD on the end of the spike protein <scene name='10/1076049/Ace2andrbd/1'>binds to ACE2</scene> giving SARS-CoV-2 the ability to enter our host cells <ref name="Jackson">PMID:34611326</ref>. Once the spike protein has access to our host cells, it is able to further infect our cells and spread the virus throughout our bodies. Figure 1 demonstrates the path SARS-CoV-2 takes to get into our cells. In order to create an effective vaccine, the pathway between the spike protein and the RBD needed to be interrupted <ref name=”Zhu”>PMID:36682464</ref>.
The enzyme [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme 2] <scene name='10/1077473/Ace2_monomer/1'>(ACE2)</scene> is attached to our cell membranes and then can be bound to a receptor binding domain <scene name='10/1077473/Ace2andrbd2/1'>(RBD)</scene> <ref name="Borkotoky">PMID:36562937</ref>. The virus, SARS-CoV-2, enters our bodies containing a <scene name='10/1077473/Rbd_only/2'>spike protein</scene> protruding from the viral membrane. The RBD on the end of the spike protein <scene name='10/1076049/Ace2andrbd/1'>binds to ACE2</scene> giving SARS-CoV-2 the ability to enter our host cells <ref name="Jackson">PMID:34611326</ref>. Once the spike protein has access to our host cells, it is able to further infect our cells and spread the virus throughout our bodies. Figure 1 demonstrates the path SARS-CoV-2 takes to get into our cells. In order to create an effective vaccine, the pathway between the spike protein and the RBD needed to be interrupted <ref name=”Zhu”>PMID:36682464</ref>.




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