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| {{STRUCTURE_2b9l| PDB=2b9l | SCENE= }} | | {{STRUCTURE_2b9l| PDB=2b9l | SCENE= }} |
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| '''Crystal structure of prophenoloxidase activating factor-II from the beetle Holotrichia diomphalia'''
| | ===Crystal structure of prophenoloxidase activating factor-II from the beetle Holotrichia diomphalia=== |
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| ==Overview==
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| Clip-domain serine proteases (SPs) are the essential components of extracellular signaling cascades in various biological processes, especially in embryonic development and the innate immune responses of invertebrates. They consist of a chymotrypsin-like SP domain and one or two clip domains at the N-terminus. Prophenoloxidase-activating factor (PPAF)-II, which belongs to the noncatalytic clip-domain SP family, is indispensable for the generation of the active phenoloxidase leading to melanization, a major defense mechanism of insects. Here, the crystal structure of PPAF-II reveals that the clip domain adopts a novel fold containing a central cleft, which is distinct from the structures of defensins with a similar arrangement of cysteine residues. Ensuing studies demonstrated that PPAF-II forms a homo-oligomer upon cleavage by the upstream protease and that the clip domain of PPAF-II functions as a module for binding phenoloxidase through the central cleft, while the clip domain of a catalytically active easter-type SP plays an essential role in the rapid activation of its protease domain.
| | The line below this paragraph, {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16362048}}, adds the Publication Abstract to the page |
| | (as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 16362048 is the PubMed ID number. |
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| | {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16362048}} |
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| ==About this Structure== | | ==About this Structure== |
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| [[Category: Innate immunity]] | | [[Category: Innate immunity]] |
| [[Category: Melanin]] | | [[Category: Melanin]] |
| ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Sat May 3 20:01:16 2008'' | | |
| | ''Page seeded by [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca OCA ] on Mon Jul 28 11:19:07 2008'' |
