2dgl: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:2dgl.gif|left|200px]]
{{Seed}}
[[Image:2dgl.png|left|200px]]


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{{STRUCTURE_2dgl|  PDB=2dgl  |  SCENE=  }}  
{{STRUCTURE_2dgl|  PDB=2dgl  |  SCENE=  }}  


'''Crystal structure of Escherichia coli GadB in complex with bromide'''
===Crystal structure of Escherichia coli GadB in complex with bromide===




==Overview==
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Escherichia coli and other enterobacteria exploit the H+ -consuming reaction catalysed by glutamate decarboxylase to survive the stomach acidity before reaching the intestine. Here we show that chloride, extremely abundant in gastric secretions, is an allosteric activator producing a 10-fold increase in the decarboxylase activity at pH 5.6. Cooperativity and sensitivity to chloride were lost when the N-terminal 14 residues, involved in the formation of two triple-helix bundles, were deleted by mutagenesis. X-ray structures, obtained in the presence of the substrate analogue acetate, identified halide-binding sites at the base of each N-terminal helix, showed how halide binding is responsible for bundle stability and demonstrated that the interconversion between active and inactive forms of the enzyme is a stepwise process. We also discovered an entirely novel structure of the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (aldamine) to be responsible for the reversibly inactivated enzyme. Our results link the entry of chloride ions, via the H+/Cl- exchange activities of ClC-ec1, to the trigger of the acid stress response in the cell when the intracellular proton concentration has not yet reached fatal values.
The line below this paragraph, {{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16675957}}, adds the Publication Abstract to the page
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{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_16675957}}


==About this Structure==
==About this Structure==
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==Reference==
==Reference==
Escherichia coli acid resistance: pH-sensing, activation by chloride and autoinhibition in GadB., Gut H, Pennacchietti E, John RA, Bossa F, Capitani G, De Biase D, Grutter MG, EMBO J. 2006 Jun 7;25(11):2643-51. Epub 2006 May 4. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675957 16675957]
Escherichia coli acid resistance: pH-sensing, activation by chloride and autoinhibition in GadB., Gut H, Pennacchietti E, John RA, Bossa F, Capitani G, De Biase D, Grutter MG, EMBO J. 2006 Jun 7;25(11):2643-51. Epub 2006 May 4. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16675957 16675957]
Crystal structure and functional analysis of Escherichia coli glutamate decarboxylase., Capitani G, De Biase D, Aurizi C, Gut H, Bossa F, Grutter MG, EMBO J. 2003 Aug 15;22(16):4027-37. PMID:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12912902 12912902]
[[Category: Escherichia coli]]
[[Category: Escherichia coli]]
[[Category: Glutamate decarboxylase]]
[[Category: Glutamate decarboxylase]]
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[[Category: Gut, H.]]
[[Category: Gut, H.]]
[[Category: Gadb complexed with bromide]]
[[Category: Gadb complexed with bromide]]
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