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Crystal structure of the GDP-D-glycero-4-keto-d-lyxo-heptose-3-epimerase from Campylobacter jejuni, serotype HS:3
Structural highlights
FunctionF2X702_CAMJU Catalyzes the epimerization of the C3' and C5'positions of dTDP-6-deoxy-D-xylo-4-hexulose, forming dTDP-6-deoxy-L-lyxo-4-hexulose.[ARBA:ARBA00001997] Publication Abstract from PubMedCampylobacter jejuni is a human pathogen and one of the leading causes of food poisoning in Europe and the United States. The outside of the bacterium is coated with a capsular polysaccharide that assists in the evasion of the host immune system. Many of the serotyped strains of C. jejuni contain a 6-deoxy-heptose moiety that is biosynthesized from GDP-d-glycero-d-manno-heptose by the successive actions of a 4,6-dehydratase, a C3/C5-epimerase, and a C4-reductase. We identified 18 different C3/C5-epimerases that could be clustered together into three groups at a sequence identity of >89%. Four of the enzymes from the largest cluster (from serotypes HS:3, HS:10, HS:23/36, and HS:41) were shown to only catalyze the epimerization at C3. Three enzymes from the second largest cluster (HS:2, HS:15, and HS:42) were shown to catalyze the epimerization at C3 and C5. Enzymes from the third cluster were not characterized. The three-dimensional structures of the epimerases from serotypes HS:3, HS:23/36, HS:15, and HS:41 were determined to resolutions of 1.5-1.9 A. The overall subunit architecture places these enzymes into the diverse "cupin" superfamily. Within X-ray coordinate error, the immediate regions surrounding the active sites are identical, suggesting that factors extending farther out may influence product outcome. The X-ray crystal structures are consistent with His-67 and Tyr-134 acting as general acid/base catalysts for the epimerization of C3 and/or C5. Two amino acid changes (A76V/C136L) were enough to convert the C3-epimerase from serotype HS:3 to one that could now catalyze the epimerization at both C3 and C5. C3- and C3/C5-Epimerases Required for the Biosynthesis of the Capsular Polysaccharides from Campylobacter jejuni.,Ghosh MK, Xiang DF, Thoden JB, Holden HM, Raushel FM Biochemistry. 2022 Sep 20;61(18):2036-2048. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00364., Epub 2022 Sep 12. PMID:36093987[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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