Proline utilization A

spinqualitylabelsall models E. coli PutA proline dehydrogenase domain with cofactor FAD complex with hydroxyproline (PDB code 3e2q) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function Proline utilization A (PutA) or bifunctional protein PutA is a bifunctional flavoprotein which acts as a transcriptional repressor of the put regulon or as a membrane-bound enzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of proline to glutamate. PutA domains include the DNA-binding domain (PRODH), the FAD-dependent proline dehydrogenase domain and the D-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase domain. The binding of proline to the PRODH active site and subsequent reduction of FAD causes a conformation change in PutA and enhance its membrane affinity. As a membrane-bound protein PutA switches from its repressor activity to its enzymatic role. Structural highlights The active site residue Tyr540 helps in substrate preference for proline over hydroxyproline. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. The 3e2q structure displayed here contains the Tyr540Ser mutant.

3D Structures of proline utilization A

Updated on 19-July-2026

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• PutA
  • 3e2q – GsPutA + FAD – Geobacter sulfurreducens
    
  • 7na0 – GsPutA (mutant) + FAD
    
  • 4nma – GsPutA + FAD + tetrahydrofuran derivative
    
  • 2gpe – EcPutA DNA-binding domain
    
  • 2ay0 – EcPutA DNA-binding domain (mutant)
    
  • 4q71, 4q72, 4q73 – BdPutA (mutant) + FAD – Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens
    
  • 4h6r – DrPutA + FAD – Deinococcus radiodurans
    
  • 2gpe - EcPutA DNA-binding domain - Escherichia coli
    
  • 2jxg, 2jxh - PpPutA DNA-binding domain - Pseudomonas putida - NMR
    
  • 6ufp, 6vz9 – SmPutA (mutant) + FAD – Sinorhizobium melioli
    
• PutA complex
  • 4nmb – GsPutA + FAD + lactate
    
  • 4nmc – GsPutA + FAD + zwittergent
    
  • 4nmd – GsPutA + FAD + dithionite
    
  • 4nme – GsPutA + FAD + propargylglycine
    
  • 4nmf – GsPutA + FAD derivative + menadione bisulfite
    
  • 1tiw – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + tetrahydrofuran derivative
    
  • 3e2r, 4jny, 4jnz – EcPutA PRODH domain (mutant) + FAD + tetrahydrofuran derivative
    
  • 1tj0, 1tj1 – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + lactate
    
  • 1tj2 – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + acetate
    
  • 2fzn – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + proline
    
  • 3e2q, 3e2s – EcPutA PRODH domain (mutant) + FAD + proline derivative
    
  • 2fzm – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + SO2
    
  • 3itg – EcPutA PRODH domain + FAD + propargylglycine
    
  • 2rbf – EcPutA DNA-binding domain + DNA
    
  • 4o8a – EcPutA DNA-binding + PRODH domains + FAD
    
  • 4h6q – DrPutA + FAD + THF
    
  • 3haz - PutA + FAD + NAD - Bradyrhyzobium japonicum
    
  • 5ux5 - PutA + FAD + NAD - Corynebacterium freiburgense
    
  • 5kf6, 5kf7, 6ufp, 6vz9 - PutA + FAD + NAD + THF - Sinorhizobium meliloti
    
  • 2jxi - PpPutA DNA-binding domain + DNA
    
  • 5ur2 - PutA + FAD derivative + inhibitor - Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus
    
  • 6x9a, 6x9b, 6x9c, 6x9d – SmPutA + FAD + proline derivative
    
  • 6x99, 9bbo – SmPutA + FAD + Glu derivative
    
  • 9e5w – SmPutA + NAD + propargylglycine
    
  • 9c8c – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + allylgylglycine
    
  • 9c35, 9c36 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + Glu derivative
    
  • 9c34 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + Pro
    
  • 9dl8, 9dl9, 9e0a, 9e0b, 9e0c, 9e0d, 9e0e – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + alcohol
    
  • 9dl7 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + urea derivative
    
  • 9dl2, 9dl3, 9dl6 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + carboxylic acid derivative
    
  • 9dl4 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + pyridinethiol
    
  • 9dl5 – SmPutA + NAD + FAD + indanone derivative
    
  • 7my9, 7mya, 7myb, 7myc – SmPutA + FAD + dithiolane
    
  • 6bsn – BdPutA + FAD + proline
    

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